不确定性条件下基于生态补偿机制的滨海湿地生态系统管理与规划

发布时间：2017-12-28 03:17

本文关键词：不确定性条件下基于生态补偿机制的滨海湿地生态系统管理与规划　出处：《华北电力大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济快速的发展、人口的激增、工业化城市化进程的加快、人类活动的扩张,人类发展与生态资源、环境之间的矛盾日益突出,已经成为制约我国可持续发展的重要问题。在此背景下,开展区域生态系统管理规划能够有效地促进当地生态系统保护以及社会经济的健康发展。然而,规划过程中需要考虑多种生态功能、生态过程和生态结构,系统内存在大量的不确定性和复杂性信息,使得传统确定性规划方法的应用受限。因此,本文将引入优化方法来解决生态系统中的不确定问题,从而为规划和管理提供决策支持。首先,通过对多种生态服务价值评估方法,构建了基于区间模糊方法的生态系统管理模型(IF-REM),并将其应用到生态系统破坏严重的天津市滨海新区中。其次,在生态补偿机制的框架内,构建了基于相对区间遗憾分析方法的生态系统规划模型(RIRA),并将其应用到填海造陆工程频繁的山东省东营市。IF-REM的结果表明：滨海新区的围填海活动虽然能够很大程度上促进当地经济的发展,但也对滨海湿地的生态系统造成了严重的破坏,直接导致了这些湿地的萎缩和消失、生态系统多样性丧失、水文和动力循环锐减。RIRA的结果表明：目前东营市复垦土地的使用费用远低于生态补偿费用,这便更加揭示出生态补偿机制对于控制过剩的围填海活动具有重要的意义和作用。总之,IF-REM和RIRA模型能够为不确定性条件下的区域生态系统管理提供决策依据,帮助决策者综合考虑生态系统的完整性,为实现社会、经济、生态、环境的协调发展提供新的途径。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy, the rapid growth of population, the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization and the expansion of human activities, the contradiction between human development and ecological resources and environment has become increasingly prominent. It has become an important issue that restricts the sustainable development of our country. In this context, the development of regional ecosystem management planning can effectively promote the protection of the local ecosystem and the healthy development of the social economy. However, many ecological functions, ecological processes and ecological structures need to be considered in the planning process. There are lots of uncertainties and complexity information in the planning process, which makes the application of traditional deterministic planning methods limited. Therefore, the optimization method will be introduced to solve the uncertain problems in the ecosystem, thus providing decision support for planning and management. First, based on the evaluation methods of various ecosystem services, a IF-REM based ecosystem management model based on interval fuzzy method is constructed and applied to the Binhai New Area, which is seriously damaged by ecosystem. Tianjin Binhai New Area. Secondly, in the framework of ecological compensation mechanism in the construction of ecological system planning model based on the method of interval regret (RIRA), and its application to the sea reclamation project of Shandong Province, Dongying City, frequent. The IF-REM results indicated that the Binhai New Area reclamation activities can greatly promote the development of local economy, but also on the coastal wetland ecosystem caused serious damage, the direct cause of these wetlands shrink and disappear, the diversity of ecological system, the water loss and reduced power cycle. The result of RIRA shows that the cost of reclaimed land in Dongying is far lower than the cost of ecological compensation. This further reveals that the mechanism of ecological compensation plays an important role in controlling excess sea reclamation activities. In conclusion, IF-REM and RIRA models can provide decision-making basis for regional ecosystem management under uncertainty. It helps decision-makers to consider the integrity of ecosystems and provide a new way to achieve coordinated development of society, economy, ecology and environment.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X171.1

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