宁波市气候变化特征及对空气质量的影响分析

发布时间：2017-12-28 09:05

本文关键词：宁波市气候变化特征及对空气质量的影响分析　出处：《科技通报》2016年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：城市中的空气污染物浓度除了取决于污染源排放的总量外,还与排放源高度、通风情况、气象和地形等因素有关。根据1954年宁波市建站以来的气象数据,利用统计方法、GIS技术及HYSPLIT-4后向轨迹、聚类分析法,结果表明宁波气温明显上升,城市热岛效应显现;能见度变差,霾日明显增多、雾日减少;降水量缓慢下降和雨日明显减少,空气湿度降低;日照时数减少,风速减小。气象条件趋向不利于污染物扩散发展。宁波1000 m上空前36 h污染源的秋季气团输送轨迹比较复杂,但主要来自华北及华东近海岸偏北路径最多,冬季主要来自西北方向的中短距离轨迹,且输送轨迹高度高,一般从3000 m高度上空逐渐沉降到我市上空,造成我市空气质量指数明显升高,AQI均值超过100。
[Abstract]:In addition to the total emission of pollution sources, the concentration of air pollutants in a city is related to the height of the source, the ventilation, the weather and the terrain. According to the meteorological data of Ningbo city in 1954 since the establishment of the use of statistical methods, the technology of GIS and HYSPLIT-4 to track and cluster analysis method, the results show that the Ningbo temperature increased significantly, urban heat island effect appears; the visibility is poor, the haze and fog days increased significantly reduced; the precipitation decreased slowly and rainy days were significantly reduced, the air humidity is reduced; reduce the number of sunshine, wind speed decreased. The trend of meteorological conditions is not conducive to the development of pollutant diffusion. The autumn air mass transport path of the Ningbo 1000 m over 36 h before the pollution source is more complex, but mainly from the north and east coast north route most short distance track mainly in winter from the northwest direction, and the conveying track height, from the height of 3000 m over the sinking down over the city, causing air quality index the city was significantly increased, AQI value more than 100.
【作者单位】：北仑区气象局;镇海区气象局;宁波市气象台;慈溪市气象局;
【基金】：宁波市科技计划项目(2013C51013、2015C50056) 浙江省公益性技术应用研究计划社发项目(2015C33226)
【分类号】：P467;X51
【正文快照】： 我国城市大气污染已由原来的单一煤烟型向复合型污染转变,且已经表现为连片的、大范围的,形成了联动效应[1-4]。空气质量受自然过程和人类排放影响,在经济、工业及交通运输业等快速发展的今天,大气的自我净化能力已明显减弱,气象条件对空气质量有着决定性影响[5,6],保持较好的

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