氟磺胺草醚降解酶及降解菌土壤修复作用的研究

发布时间：2017-12-30 22:37

本文关键词：氟磺胺草醚降解酶及降解菌土壤修复作用的研究　出处：《哈尔滨师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,环境污染和安全问题日益成为人们关注的焦点,如何有效地减轻避免污染物对环境及人类健康的损害已成为亟待解决的问题。我国是农业大国,作为二苯醚类除草剂的一种,氟磺胺草醚的开发和应用对农药的发展和农业生产都起到了积极的作用。但是,它的广泛使用,也对生态环境和人类生活有着巨大的潜在威胁。因此,如何修复氟磺胺草醚对土壤造成的污染,以及如何消除其残留要害对后茬作物的影响具有重要的理论和实践意义。本研究通过采用紫外分光光度法测定酶活力来对氟磺胺草醚降解菌株F12提取的降解酶进行定位,并对其进行酶学性质研究;利用高效液相色谱法测定菌株在不同培养条件下对土壤中药液的残留情况来评价其修复效果;运用盆栽试验的生物测定来进行平行分析修复效果。结果表明氟磺胺草醚降解菌株F12降解酶属于胞外酶,最适的酶促反应条件:时间为30 min,酶浓度为1 mL,pH为7.5,温度为35℃,药浓度为150 mg/L。向添加氟磺胺草醚的土壤中添加菌株F12可以促进土壤中氟磺胺草醚的降解,在接种量0.3×109 CFU/g,初始药液浓度为100 mg/kg,土壤含水量为20%,土壤为黑土的条件下培养30 d后,土壤降解率可达79.5%。盆栽试验证明了菌株F12对缓解受农药氟磺胺草醚药害的作物有一定的缓解作用。在黑土,添加菌液浓度为0.3×109 CFU/g,初始药液浓度为100 mg/kg,保持土壤含水量为20%时,小麦生长发育情况良好,即达到理想的修复效果。
[Abstract]:In recent years, environmental pollution and safety problems has increasingly become the focus of attention, how to effectively reduce to avoid contamination has become a serious problem to the environment and harm human health. China is a large agricultural country, as a kind of two diphenyl ether herbicides, the development and application of fomesafen pesticide on development and agricultural production has played a positive role. However, its widespread use, but also to the ecological environment and human life has a tremendous potential threat. Therefore, how to repair the fomesafen on soil pollution, and how to eliminate the residual of the key crop effect has important theoretical and practical significance this study. By using ultraviolet spectrophotometric method for the determination of enzyme activity of degrading enzyme of fomesafen degrading strain F12 was extracted and positioning, and Study on its enzymatic properties; by HPLC Determination of residual strain of soil liquid medicine under different culture conditions to evaluate the repair effect; using pot experiment bioassay to parallel analysis. The results show that the repair effect of fomesafen degrading strain F12 degrading enzyme is extracellular, the best reaction conditions of enzymatic time is 30 min, enzyme concentration 1 mL, pH 7.5, temperature 35 C, the concentration of 150 mg/L. to add fomesafen in soil added strain F12 can promote the degradation of fomesafen in soil, the inoculation amount of 0.3 * 109 CFU/g, the initial concentration of 100 mg/kg, the soil water content is 20%, the soil is black the conditions after 30 d of incubation, soil degradation rate of 79.5%. pot experiment proved that the strain has a certain role in mitigation of F12 on relieving pesticide fomesafen crop phytotoxicity. In black soil, adding the concentration of bacteria was 0.3 * 109 CFU/g, the initial concentration of liquid 100 mg/kg, when the soil water content is 20%, the growth and development of wheat is good, that is to achieve the ideal restoration effect.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X592;X172

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