2013—2014年《大气污染防治行动计划》实施效果及对策建议

发布时间：2017-12-31 21:35

  本文关键词：2013—2014年《大气污染防治行动计划》实施效果及对策建议　出处：《环境科学研究》2016年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

  更多相关文章： 大气污染 《大气污染防治行动计划》 细颗粒物 脱硝 氨

【摘要】：2013年9月10日国务院颁布了《大气污染防治行动计划》(下称《行动计划》).为研究《行动计划》颁布前后我国不同地区大气污染状况变化及其防治措施效果,通过分析2013—2014年“中国大气气溶胶研究网络(CARE-China)”36个监测站点ρ(PM2.5),结合同期环境保护部公布的74个重点城市大气主要污染物浓度数据和OMI卫星数据,分析了我国不同地区ρ(PM2.5)变化及其原因;同时,以北京为例,分析了不同粒径段中颗粒物质量浓度变化的原因.结果表明:1京津冀及其周边、长三角、珠三角、西南、成渝、西北、华中、关中和东北9个地区ρ(PM2.5)年均值下降了1.1~16.3μg湓m3.其中,京津冀及其周边、长三角、珠三角、成渝和关中地区降幅均超过10.0%,分别为10.2%、10.7%、11.6%、16.9%和20.8%.2不同地区ρ(NO2)和ρ(SO2)年均值变化基本一致,近地面ρ(NO2)年均值在京津冀及其周边、珠三角、西南、成渝和华中等地区降幅在3.0%~9.2%之间,但是华北平原地区NO2柱浓度下降明显,降幅在10.0%~20.0%之间.3北京地区ρ(PM1)和ρ(PM2.5)年均值分别下降了5.7和0.2μg湓m3,并且ρ(NO3-)和ρ(SO42-)年均值在PM1和PM2.5中均有所下降,但ρ(PM1~2.5)与其ρ(NH4+)年均值升幅分别为27.9%和16.2%.因此,京津冀及其周边地区在防治措施实施过程中,在控制高架点源与实施脱硝措施等情况下,应逐步加强近地面面源和线源的控制力度;在实施SO2和NOx减排措施的同时,还需要重视机动车三元催化过程和燃煤电厂脱硫脱硝过程中可能导致的NH3排放问题.
[Abstract]:In September 10th 2013, the State Council promulgated the Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air pollution (hereinafter referred to as the Action Plan). In order to study the changes of air pollution in different regions of China before and after the promulgation of the Action Plan and the effect of its control measures. Based on the analysis of 36 monitoring stations of CARE-China (2013-2014), there are 36 monitoring stations 蟻 (PM2.5) in China Atmospheric Aerosol Research Network (CARE-China). Based on the atmospheric pollutant concentration data of 74 key cities and OMI satellite data published by the Ministry of Environmental Protection in the same period, the variation of 蟻 (PM2.5) in different regions of China and its causes are analyzed. At the same time, taking Beijing as an example, the reasons for the change of mass concentration of particulate matter in different particle size segments were analyzed. The results showed that: 1 Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its periphery, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Southwest, Chengdu-Chongqing, Northwest, Central China. The annual mean value of 蟻 (PM2.5) in Guanzhong and nine regions in northeast China has decreased by 1.11 / 16.3 渭 g / m ~ (3). Among them, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and its periphery, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta. The decreases in Chengdu-Chongqing and Guanzhong areas were more than 10.0%, 10.7% and 11.6%, respectively. The annual mean values of 蟻 _ (no _ 2) and 蟻 _ (so _ 2) in different regions of 16.9% and 20.8.2 are basically the same. The annual mean values of 蟻 _ (no _ (2)) near the surface are in and around Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, the Pearl River Delta, and the southwest of China. In Chengdu-Chongqing and Central China, the decrease was between 3.0% and 9.2%, but the concentration of NO2 column in North China Plain decreased obviously. The annual mean values of 蟻 (PM1) and 蟻 (PM2.5) in Beijing decreased by 5.7 and 0.2 渭 g / m ~ 3 respectively between 10.0% and 20.0%. And the annual mean values of 蟻 _ (no _ (3)) and 蟻 _ (so _ 4 _ (2)) decreased in both PM1 and PM2.5. But the annual mean increases of 蟻 (PM1) 2.5) and 蟻 (NH _ 4) are 27.9% and 16.2respectively. Therefore, the prevention and control measures in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas are in the process of implementation. Under the condition of controlling elevated point source and implementing denitrification measures, the control of near ground surface point source and line source should be strengthened step by step. While implementing SO2 and NOx emission reduction measures, it is necessary to pay attention to the problem of NH3 emissions caused by the ternary catalytic process of motor vehicles and the process of desulfurization and denitrification in coal-fired power plants.
【正文快照】： 第 29 卷 第 11 期 2016 年 11 月 环 境 科 学 研 究 Ｒesearch of Environmental Sciences Vol． 29 ， No． 11 Nov． ， 2016 收稿日期: 2016-03-01 修订日期: 2016-07-21 基金项目: 中国科学院 A 类科学先导专项( XDA05100100 ) ，

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