微曝气强化生态浮床生物膜特性研究

发布时间：2018-01-01 02:23

本文关键词：微曝气强化生态浮床生物膜特性研究　出处：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着中国经济的飞速发展,环境污染日益严重。在中国淡水资源紧缺的情况下,由于个别企业的偷排漏排导致河流、湖泊等自然水体有机污染物(CODcr)、氨氮等不能达到相应标准,水污染问题尤为突出。生态浮床技术作为污染自然水体的治理方法之一,近年来备受广大专家学者的重视。虽然这项技术引入国内时间较晚,但是发展迅速。通过近几年的研究,生态浮床已经广泛的应用于自然水体的治理中。生态浮床技术是通过植物深入水中的强大根系来吸收、吸附、截留水体中的氮磷等营养物质,并以收获植物体的形式将其去除,从而达到净化水质的目的。然而,传统生态浮床仅靠植物的吸收和根系微生物的作用,处理系统简单,处理效率和效果都相对较差。本论文所提出微曝气强化生态浮床是在传统生态浮床的基础上增加了微孔曝气和悬挂填料,即增加了水体的溶解氧和微生物可附着表面积。微曝气强化生态浮床不仅可以增加了植物对污染物的去除效果,在填料表面形成的生物膜也增加了微生物对污染水体的净化效果。本研究构建了以紫鸢尾为浮床植物,悬挂填料,人工曝气的微曝气强化生态浮床.研究了微曝气强化生态浮床填料表面生物膜的特性；对比了微曝气强化生态浮床在不同曝气条件下和不同填料表面上生物膜的生长情况及微生物活性；研究填料表面生物膜的微生物数量、活性在不同温度下的生长和变化情况,并总结微生物在不同水深处的分布规律,为微曝气强化生态浮床技术应用于实际工程提供了一定的理论基础和设计支撑。通过实验得出以下主要结论：1、微生物的生长速率和数量随着曝气量的增大而增大,曝气强度增加到7.5L/min的时候微生物的生长速率和数量生长情况趋于稳定,建议微曝气强化生态浮床运行曝气量选择7.5L/min。微生物活性随着曝气量的增加而增加。2、本实验分别在每条填料水下5cm、25cm、50cm处取样。由实验数据可知,填料上的微生物的数量分布规律是：5cm处微生物数量25cm处微生物数量50cm处微生物数量。而三处填料的微生物活性基本一样,说明水深对微生物活性的影响并不大。3、在相同实验条件下,不同种类填料表面微生物量对比：组合填料上微生物量水草型填料上微生物量弹性填料上微生物量；三种不同填料表面微生物都表现了基本相同活性。4、经计算微曝气强化生态浮床中生物膜对有机污染物的去除贡献率为47.17%。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China economy, increasingly serious environmental pollution. The shortage of freshwater resources Chinese, as individual companies illegal discharge to rivers, lakes and other natural water organic pollutants (CODcr), ammonia nitrogen can not reach the corresponding standard, the problem of water pollution is particularly prominent. The ecological floating bed technology as one of the treatment methods the pollution of natural water in recent years, many experts and scholars. Although the technology introduced late, but rapid development. Through the research of recent years, the application of ecological floating bed has been widely in natural water bodies. The governance of ecological floating bed technology is a strong root plants through deep water to absorb. The adsorption and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and other nutrients, and to harvest the plants in the form of its removal, so as to achieve the purpose of purifying water quality. However, the traditional ecological floating bed plants by absorption and Root microbes, processing system is simple and the processing efficiency and the effect is relatively poor. The proposed micro aeration enhanced ecological floating bed is based on the traditional ecological floating bed on the increase of micropore aeration and suspension filler, which increased the dissolved oxygen and microbial water can be attached to the surface area of micro aeration enhanced ecological floating. The bed can not only increase the pollutant removal efficiency of plants in biofilm formed on the surface also increases the purification effect of microorganism on contaminated water. This study was constructed with purple iris as floating bed plants, suspension filler, artificial aeration micro aeration enhanced ecological floating bed was studied. The characteristics of micro aeration enhanced ecological floating bed biofilm; comparison of growth and microbial activity in micro aeration enhanced ecological floating bed in different aeration conditions and different fillers on the surface of the biofilm on the surface of the filler; The number of microbial biofilm activity, growth and changes at different temperatures, and summarizes the microbial distribution in different water depths, provides a theoretical basis and design support for micro aeration and strengthen the application of ecological floating bed technology in engineering. Through the experiment we draw the following conclusions: 1, the growth rate and the number of microorganisms increases with the increase of aeration rate, aeration intensity increased to the growth rate and the number of times of microbial 7.5L/min growth tends to be stable, the proposed micro aeration enhanced ecological floating bed running aeration 7.5L/min. microbial activity with the increase of aeration rate and the increase of.2, the experiments on each packing under water 5cm, 25cm, 50cm sampling. The experimental data showed that the number of microorganisms on the distribution of filler is: 5cm 25cm 50cm the number of microbial microorganisms at three microbial quantity. Microbial activity packing is basically the same, that depth of microbial activity did not affect the.3, under the same experimental conditions, comparison of different kinds of fillers: microbial surface combination packing packing type microbial biomass of aquatic microbial biomass on elastic filler microbial biomass; three different microbial filler surface showed almost the same activity.4. The calculation of micro aeration biofilm enhanced ecological floating bed in the removal of organic pollutants in the contribution rate of 47.17%.

【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X52

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