eChemPortal及其在我国重点环境管理危险化学品环境风险评估中的应用

发布时间：2018-01-04 03:40

本文关键词：eChemPortal及其在我国重点环境管理危险化学品环境风险评估中的应用　出处：《生态毒理学报》2016年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：危害性识别是化学品环境风险评估工作的重要基础,危害性数据的质量直接影响化学品环境风险评估工作的结果与结论。通过介绍经济合作与发展组织(OECD)eChemPortal近几年来的主要变化,以上海地区涉及的30种重点环境管理危险化学品为例,比较分析我国《危险化学品分类信息表》及eChemPortal引用的按照《欧盟物质和混合物的分类、标签和包装法规》的公开分类和标签目录(ECHA CL inventory)、日本政府全球化学品统一分类和标签分类结果(GHS-J)的差异。结果表明:eChemPortal作为OECD建立的全球化学物质信息门户,加入的数据库多数经过政府机构或同行评审,准确性和可靠性相对较高,目前已有32个数据库加入到该平台,其中32个数据库支持化学物质检索,4个数据库支持化学性质检索,2个数据库支持GHS检索,并且数据库的数量和功能还在持续增加;相对于国家安全监管总局的《危险化学品分类信息表》和ECHA CL inventory,GHS-J的危害性分类结果较为完善,而且多数分类结果提供了具体的分类数据基础信息,这对于分类结果的评估十分有用。上述研究表明我国政府监管部门有必要结合eChemPortal等权威的数据信息平台发布我国重点环境管理危险化学品环境风险评估推荐数据库,从而规范重点环境管理危险化学品环境风险评估过程并推动对化学品的有效环境监管。
[Abstract]:Hazard identification is an important basis for environmental risk assessment of chemicals. The quality of hazard data has a direct impact on the results and conclusions of environmental risk assessment of chemicals. The main changes of OECDCDE ChemPortal in recent years are introduced by introducing the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Take 30 key environmental management hazardous chemicals in Shanghai as an example. The classification of substances and mixtures according to European Union (EU) cited by eChemPortal was compared and analyzed. Label and Packaging regulations. "the Public Classification and label Catalog (ECHA CL inventory). The difference between the results of the globally Harmonized Classification of Chemicals (GHS) and the results of the labelling Classification (GHS-JS) of the Government of Japan. The results show that the World Chemical Information Portal established by OECD is a global chemical information portal established by the OECD. Most of the databases joined have been reviewed by government agencies or peers with relatively high accuracy and reliability, and 32 databases have been added to the platform, 32 of which support chemical retrieval. 4 databases support chemical retrieval, 2 databases support GHS retrieval, and the number and function of databases continue to increase. Compared with the classification information table of hazardous chemicals and ECHA CL inventory GHS-J, the results of hazard classification are relatively perfect. And most of the classification results provide specific classification data basic information. This is very useful for the evaluation of classification results. The above research indicates that it is necessary for our government regulatory authorities to release hazardous chemicals in key environmental management in China in conjunction with authoritative data and information platforms such as eChemPortal. Environmental risk assessment recommendation database. Thus standardizing the environmental risk assessment process of hazardous chemicals and promoting effective environmental regulation of chemicals.
【作者单位】：上海化工研究院;国家化学品及制品安全质量监督检验中心;
【基金】：上海化工研究院青年成才项目扶持计划(N272-2015jczx-02)
【分类号】：X592;X820.4
【正文快照】： 随着全球经济社会的发展,化学品在人类日常生活和工业生产中发挥了越来越重要的作用。在此过程中,化学品无论是种类还是产量都有较大的增长[1]。据统计,截止到2013年我国生产使用的化学物质约4万多种[2],其中很多具有毒害、腐蚀、爆炸、燃烧、助燃等性质,是对人体、设施、环境

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