规模化猪场粪污减量技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 17:22

  本文关键词：规模化猪场粪污减量技术研究　出处：《吉林农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 猪粪 厌氧消化 化粪池 乳杆菌 假单胞菌 芽孢杆菌

【摘要】：我国是生猪生产和消费大国,近几年来,生猪生产场的数量和生产规模都有了显著地增长。由于上个世纪60年代以后,大型生猪养殖场为了节约人力、实现机械化和高效率,采用水力清除猪粪尿已成为目前各大生猪生产企业猪粪尿清除的主要工艺。因此,将生猪生产的粪污经过化粪池厌氧消化处理后,进行土地处理(包括农用耕地和非农业用地)成为国际上公认的最经济和行之有效的粪污处理方式。由于厌氧消化具有减小体积、消耗能量低、稳定性好等优点,因此,在高有机浓度废水处理中被普遍应用。但生物降解速率慢,一般厌氧消化20-30d,VS的去除率为30%-40%。为了提高水解速率,改善厌氧消化性能、提高处理效率,加速厌氧消化的稳定化和污泥减量化,本研究采用粪污处理的新技术,设计如下:先利用乳酸菌去对粪污中的有害生物进行预处理,然后向已经过预处理的粪污中投加功能菌液,研究是以吉林省长岭县中粮集团家嘉康生猪养殖场的水清粪污为研究对象,对通过利用微生物接种强化技术,并对粪污预处理反应器和粪污厌氧消化反应器的启动温度及处理效果进行了初步研究。主要得出如下结论:1、规模化养猪场的水清粪水,可以作为多种微生物的营养基质。经过高压蒸汽灭菌灭菌后,在25℃培养条件下,培养5天,乳杆菌Lactobacillus sp.2001的最大数量可达6.7×107cfu/ml。供试的假单胞菌在第6天每毫升培养液就能达到上亿个细胞,培养的芽孢杆菌在第7天每毫升培养液就也能达到上亿个细胞;2、乳杆菌对大肠杆菌及肠道菌群生长的生长具有较好的抑制作用,30天大肠杆菌及肠道菌群的去除率分别达到45.24%和49.21%。3、在装液量1950mL,每天投入粪污50mL的条件下,预处理和厌氧消化反应器可稳定运行。反应器的pH值没有发生较大变化,反应器中以细菌为主要区系,强化的假单胞、乳杆菌和芽孢杆菌仍为优势菌群,大肠杆菌得到基本去除。4、粪污厌氧消化反应器对TS、VS表现出较好地的去除效果,在25℃,30天TS的去除率为55.8%较对照常规处理19.2%高36.6%;VS的去除率为52.7%较对照常规处理18.32%高34.38%。5、粪污厌氧消化反应器对COD、水溶性磷、NH+4-N同样表现出较好地的去除效果。在25℃,30天,COD去除率为59.5%,NH+4-N浓度为265.2mg/L,厌氧消化液水溶性磷的去除率为19.2%。
[Abstract]:China is a large country in pig production and consumption. In recent years, the number and scale of pig farms have increased significantly. Since -40s, large pig farms in order to save manpower. To realize mechanization and high efficiency, hydraulic removal of pig feces and urine has become the main process of pig manure removal in various pig production enterprises. Therefore, the feces produced by live pigs are treated by anaerobic digestion of septic tanks. Land treatment (including agricultural land and non-agricultural land) is recognized as the most economical and effective treatment of manure. Anaerobic digestion has reduced volume and low energy consumption. Therefore, it is widely used in the treatment of high organic concentration wastewater, but the biodegradation rate is slow and the anaerobic digestion is 20-30 days. The removal rate of vs is 30-40. In order to improve the hydrolysis rate, improve the anaerobic digestion performance, improve the treatment efficiency, accelerate the stabilization of anaerobic digestion and sludge reduction. In this study, a new technology of manure treatment was adopted. The design was as follows: first, lactic acid bacteria were used to pretreat the pest in the feces, and then functional bacteria solution was added to the feces that had been pretreated. The study is based on the study of water and feces pollution from Jiakang pig farm in Changling County, Jilin Province. The microorganism inoculation was used to strengthen the technology. The start-up temperature and treatment effect of the pretreatment reactor and anaerobic digestion reactor were studied. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. It can be used as the nutrient substrate of many microbes. After sterilizing with high pressure steam, it can be cultured at 25 鈩，

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