苏州氮磷元素多部门代谢分析及回收技术应用影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 18:01

本文关键词：苏州氮磷元素多部门代谢分析及回收技术应用影响研究　出处：《清华大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城市氮磷元素代谢紊乱不仅会带来水体富营养化、大气污染等各种环境问题,而且会造成氮磷资源的巨大浪费。开展城市氮磷元素代谢分析及回收技术应用影响研究,对氮磷的污染减排和资源回收利用具有重要意义。本研究以多部门系统分析模型为基础,以苏州为例模拟分析了城市水部门、食品部门、林业部门、能源部门、废物管理部门的氮磷代谢流动,识别了城市氮磷元素代谢的重要部门和关键环节,有针对性地选择了四种氮磷回收的关键技术,分析了不同技术及其组合方案对城市氮磷元素代谢性能的影响,综合考虑氮磷资源回收、水和能需求变化以及生物燃料回收的协同效应,提出城市氮磷代谢综合经济效益最优的技术组合,为城市氮磷元素代谢的优化调控提供了决策依据。以苏州为例的分析表明:(1)氮元素从外界输入约160.00万吨/年,90%来自煤炭和天然气的输入,7%来自食品和饲料输入。约76%的外氮输入以NOx或N2释放到大气圈,主要通过燃料燃烧环节和污水处理厂脱氮环节,20%主要以煤渣形式输出城市,约1.34万吨/年以固废形式被填埋,约有1.45万吨/年排入水体。氮元素的净累积为1.66万吨/年,集中在食品部门,占据输入的1%。(2)磷元素从外界输入11.80万吨/年,以煤炭和食品部门的磷流为主。约9%的外磷输入被填埋,77%以煤渣形式输出城市,1%即1600吨/年排放到水体。磷元素净累积量1.50万吨/年,占据外磷输入的13%。(3)畜牧业发展、居民消费和燃料需求是城市氮磷代谢的主要驱动因素;食品部门和水部门的代谢产物是氮磷回收的关键。(4)尿源分离、污泥热解、畜粪热解、藻类净水四项技术是优化城市氮磷代谢较优的选择。尿源分离技术和污泥热解技术分别是对城市氮、磷代谢优化效果最好的技术。技术组合中四项技术对氮代谢的优化效果最好,但污泥、畜粪热解与藻类净水三项组合对磷代谢的优化效果超过四技术组合。这是由于尿源分离技术减弱了污泥热解及藻类净水技术对氮磷的回收效果,且尿源分离技术对磷回收量的增加不能弥补污泥热解技术对磷回收量的削减。(5)综合考虑氮磷资源回收、水和能需求变化以及生物燃料回收的协同效应,为使综合经济效益最大,建议推广尿源分离技术、畜粪热解及藻类净水三项技术组合,综合经济效益达14.19亿元/年。
[Abstract]:Urban nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism disorder will not only bring water eutrophication, air pollution and other environmental problems. And will cause a huge waste of nitrogen and phosphorus resources. Carry out urban nitrogen and phosphorus element metabolism analysis and recovery technology application research. This study is based on the multi-sector system analysis model, taking Suzhou as an example to simulate and analyze the urban water sector, food sector, forestry sector, energy sector. The flow of nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in waste management departments identifies the important departments and key links of nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in cities and selects four key technologies for nitrogen and phosphorus recovery. The effects of different technologies and their combinations on the metabolic performance of urban nitrogen and phosphorus were analyzed, and the synergistic effects of nitrogen and phosphorus resource recovery, water and energy demand and biofuel recovery were considered. The optimum technical combination of comprehensive economic benefit of nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in cities was put forward. This paper provides a decision basis for the optimal regulation of nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in the city. The analysis of Suzhou shows that the nitrogen element is imported about 1.6 million tons per year from the outside world. 90% inputs from coal and natural gas come from 7% of food and feed imports. About 76%% of external nitrogen inputs are released into the atmosphere as NOx or N2. Mainly through the fuel combustion link and the sewage treatment plant denitrification link 20% mainly exports the city in the form of cinder, about 13,400 tons / year is landfills in the form of solid waste. About 14,500 tons / year was discharged into water. The net accumulation of nitrogen was 16,600 tons / year, concentrated in the food sector, occupying the input of 1.02) phosphorus element was imported from the outside 118,000 tons / year. About 9% of the external phosphorus input was landfill and 77% was exported to the city in the form of cinder. 1% is 1 600 tons per year, and the net accumulation of phosphorus is 15,000 tons / year, accounting for 13% of the external phosphorus input. Residents' consumption and fuel demand are the main driving factors of nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in cities. Metabolites in food and water sectors are the key to nitrogen and phosphorus recovery. 4) Separation of urinary sources, pyrolysis of sludge and pyrolysis of animal manure. Algal water purification is the best choice to optimize the nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in the city. The urine source separation technology and sludge pyrolysis technology are respectively for the urban nitrogen. The best technology for the optimization of phosphorus metabolism. In the technology combination, the four technologies have the best effect on nitrogen metabolism, but the sludge is the best. The optimum effect of the three combinations of animal dung pyrolysis and algae water purification on phosphorus metabolism was higher than that of four technical combinations, which was due to the reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus recovery from sludge pyrolysis and algal water purification technology by urine source separation technology. And the increase of phosphorus recovery by urine source separation technology can not compensate for the sludge pyrolysis technology to reduce phosphorus recovery. 5) Comprehensive consideration of nitrogen and phosphorus resource recovery, water and energy demand changes, as well as the synergistic effect of biofuel recovery. In order to maximize the comprehensive economic benefit, it is suggested to popularize the urinary source separation technology, the combination of animal manure pyrolysis and algal water purification, with a comprehensive economic benefit of one billion four hundred and nineteen million yuan per year.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X505;X703

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