好氧颗粒污泥的稳定性研究应用研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 08:23

  本文关键词：好氧颗粒污泥的稳定性研究应用研究　出处：《北京化工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 好氧颗粒污泥 稳定性 降解能力 苯胺 储存和恢复

【摘要】：近几十年来,由于工业化和人口爆炸,水资源短缺以及水体污染问题日益严峻。其中,水污染问题可以通过各种废水处理技术得到解决。然而普遍使用的废水生物处理方法存在着剩余污泥量大、占地面积大等问题。好氧颗粒污泥技术很大程度上弥补了传统活性污泥法的缺陷,它结构紧凑、沉降性能好、微生物相丰富。但是,在长期运行过程中好氧颗粒的稳定性阻碍了这项技术的发展和应用。工业废水中的一些物质如重金属、抗生素、无机盐等会对颗粒的稳定性造成影响；储存和恢复过程运行条件的变化也可能引起好氧颗粒稳定性的改变。因而,在实际应用中的好氧颗粒污泥的稳定性仍有待探究。本论文由好氧颗粒污泥的稳定性出发,从污泥浓度、SVI、SOUR、菌群结构的变化及其对于COD和苯胺的处理效果等方面,分别探讨了其在含有苯胺的模拟工业废水中、在储存和活性恢复过程中以及在高盐环境中的稳定性。实验表明,在10～500mg·L-1的苯胺首次添加的时候,好氧颗粒的污泥浓度可从5700mg·L-1下降到3600mg·L-1,COD去除率由95%下降至80%甚至50%,其活性会受到一定程度的抑制。但是由于苯胺的逐渐添加引起了构成颗粒中微生物菌群的变化,颗粒很快适应了底物变化,抑制作用逐渐缓解。当进水中添加的苯胺浓度为10～300mg·L-1时,具有生物降解能力的菌种开始出现并逐渐聚集在颗粒上,颗粒中的优势菌种发生变化,颗粒对于污染物的去除效果也明显增强。6h后,苯胺与COD的去除率均可达到90%以上。随着苯胺浓度的增加,颗粒长得更加密实,沉降得更迅速,其SVI甚至可以达到35mL.g-1,沉降速度达到41.56m·h-1。并且,好氧颗粒污泥在为期一个月的储存过程中,其性质会有一定下降,且冰箱内(4℃)的储存效果略优于室温下(20℃)。但仅经过六个批次的恢复,除氨氮外,其他污染物的去除都可以基本接近储存前的水平。此外,SBR系统内高于2.0g·L-1的盐浓度会影响好氧颗粒污泥的稳定性。
[Abstract]:In recent decades, due to industrialization and population explosion, water shortage and water pollution are becoming more and more serious. The problem of water pollution can be solved by a variety of wastewater treatment technologies. However, there is a large amount of excess sludge in the commonly used biological wastewater treatment methods. Aerobic granular sludge technology to a large extent to make up for the traditional activated sludge process defects, it has a compact structure, good settling performance, microbe rich, but. The stability of aerobic particles during long-term operation hinders the development and application of this technology. Some substances in industrial wastewater such as heavy metals antibiotics inorganic salts and so on will affect the stability of the particles. Changes in operating conditions during storage and recovery may also lead to changes in the stability of aerobic particles. The stability of aerobic granular sludge in practical application is still to be explored. This paper starts from the stability of aerobic granular sludge, and starts from the concentration of sludge. The change of microflora structure and its effect on the treatment of COD and aniline were discussed respectively in the simulated industrial wastewater containing aniline. The stability of aniline during storage and activity recovery, and in high salt environment. The experiment showed that the aniline was added for the first time at 10 ~ 500mg 路L ~ (-1) of aniline. The sludge concentration of aerobic granules can be reduced from 5700mg 路L -1 to 3600mg 路L -1 from 95% to 80% or even 50%. Its activity will be inhibited to some extent, but because of the gradual addition of aniline caused the changes of microbial flora in the particles, the particles quickly adapt to the changes of substrate. When the concentration of aniline in the influent was 10 ~ 300mg 路L ~ (-1), the biodegradable bacteria began to appear and gradually accumulated on the particles. The removal rate of aniline and COD were all above 90% after the removal of pollutants was obviously enhanced. The removal rate of aniline and COD reached more than 90% with the increase of aniline concentration. The particles grow more dense and settle more rapidly, their SVI can even reach 35mL 路g-1, and the settling velocity can reach 41.56m 路h-1.And. During the one-month storage process, the properties of aerobic granular sludge will decrease to some extent, and the storage effect of aerobic granular sludge is slightly better than that of 20 鈩，

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