微乳液萃取分离废渣中的重金属
发布时间:2018-01-15 17:43
本文关键词:微乳液萃取分离废渣中的重金属 出处:《沈阳理工大学》2015年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】:本课题主要研究微乳液在萃取分离重金属方面的应用。采用Triton X-100/正丁醇/正庚烷/水/P507/氢氧化钠组成的微乳液体系对水相中的Zn2+、Cu2+和Co2+进行萃取分离研究。确定了萃取分离锌和铜钴的最佳工艺条件为:Triton X-100:正丁醇:正庚烷:水:P507:氢氧化钠=2:42:1.7:1.8:0.7:0.8(体积比),其中氢氧化钠溶液浓度为1.9mol/L,外水相p H为2.5,乳水比为1:4,外水相(体积为20m L)中加入0.5g Na Cl,水浴温度60℃,水浴萃取时间3min,在此条件下,锌的最佳萃取率高达87.6%,而铜和钴分别只有12.3%和7.9%,βZn/Cu和βZn/Co为50.4和82.3,锌和铜钴的分离效果很好。研究了Triton X-100乳液体系、Triton X-100 P507微乳液体系、油酸P507微乳液体系对铜离子和钴离子的萃取分离效果,采用油酸/正丁醇/P507/氢氧化钠/正庚烷组成的微乳液体系对水相中的Cu2+和Co2+进行萃取分离研究。确定了萃取分离铜钴的最佳工艺条件为:油酸:正丁醇:P507:氢氧化钠:正庚烷=0.2:10:0.8:1:1(体积比),其中氢氧化钠浓度为1.8mol/L,外水相p H为3.5,乳水比为1:4,外水相(体积为20m L)中加入0.5g Na Cl,水浴温度50℃,水浴萃取时间4min,在此条件下,铜的最佳萃取率高达92.7%,而钴仅有9.5%,βCu/Co为120.9,并将该方法应用于冶炼废渣中铜钴的分离,铜和钴的分离效果非常好。最后,通过上述所得到的微乳液对实际的冶炼废渣样品进行了萃取分离,其中锌的萃取率达到87.3%,铜萃取率高达91.3%,而钴的萃取率只有9.1%。
[Abstract]:The application of microemulsion in extraction and separation of heavy metals was studied in this paper. Triton. X-100 / n-butanol / n-heptane / water / P507 / sodium hydroxide microemulsion system for Zn2 in aqueous phase. Cu2 and Co2 were used to study the extraction and separation of zinc and copper cobalt. The optimum conditions were determined as follows: 1 Triton X-100: n-butanol: n-heptane: water: P507. Sodium hydroxide 2: 42: 1. 7: 1. 8: 0.7: 0.8. Volume ratio. The concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 1.9 mol / L, the pH of external water phase is 2.5, the ratio of milk to water is 1: 4, and 0.5 g NaCl is added to the external water phase (20 mL volume). The optimum extraction rate of zinc was up to 87.6, while copper and cobalt were only 12.3% and 7.9%, respectively, under the conditions of water bath temperature 60 鈩,
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