地下水中有机污染物的筛选方案研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 22:19

本文关键词：地下水中有机污染物的筛选方案研究　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：地下水是我国重要的饮用水水源,日益严峻的地下水有机污染已经严重威胁到人类的健康。由于有机物种类繁多结构复杂,其分析检测能力与实际工作量的限制使得对其全部进行监测极其困难,因此如何有效的筛选出亟待我们关注的有机指标显得十分必要。针对该问题,本论文形成一个地下水中有机污染物的筛选方案,该方案旨在更客观且可重复可更新,能够适用于我国地下水环境研究现状。将该方案应用于我国地下水环境,形成地下水中有机物筛选名单。经研究论文得到以下研究结果:1.为筛选出需要重点关注的有机指标,本论文形成了适用于我国国情的地下水中有机污染物的多阶段筛选方案,各阶段均有其客观的筛选原则及方法。第一阶段为有机物备选范围到初选名单的筛选过程,通过对目标有机物的重复性、混合物、统称、同分异构体以及支撑数据的可靠性问题进行判断;第二阶段为有机物初选名单到初步名单的分类过程,主要以有机物对人类与环境的毒性影响和暴露情况为分类原则,以LD50、致癌性分类为毒性评选指标,以持久性、检出率为暴露情况评选指标分别对有机物进行分类;第三阶段为有机物初步名单到筛选名单的排序过程,主要以目标有机物的毒性、持久性、迁移性以及检出情况为评分指标,以简化的CHEMS-1模型为评分排序方法。2.以美国《国家一级饮用水卫生标准》、世卫组织《饮用水水质准则》、欧盟饮用水水质指令以及8个国内水质标准为筛选数据源,对已形成的筛选方案进行验证并对方案的稳定性进行分析。198项待筛选指标有188项进入筛选名单,10项有机指标被排除。对方案的稳定性进行分析,在不考虑检出情况的前提下,对筛选名单结果影响较大的因素是各指标估算值。3.以具备实验室检测能力的161项有机指标名单及东北地区地下水中有机物检测结果为数据源,利用本筛选方案形成东北地区筛选名单。与利用水质标准进行筛选形成的筛选名单相比有71项属于标准外指标,71项中有41项在东北地区检出。
[Abstract]:Groundwater is an important drinking water source in China. The organic pollution of groundwater has seriously threatened human health. Its analysis and detection ability and actual workload constraints make it extremely difficult to monitor all, so how to effectively screen out the organic indicators that need our attention is very necessary. This paper forms a screening scheme for organic pollutants in groundwater, which aims to be more objective, repeatable and renewable, and can be applied to the research of groundwater environment in China. The following research results are obtained: 1. In order to select the organic indexes that need to be paid more attention to. In this paper, a multi-stage screening scheme for organic pollutants in groundwater is developed, which is suitable for the situation of our country. Each stage has its objective screening principles and methods. The first stage is the screening process from the organic selection range to the primary list, through the repeatability of the target organic matter, mixture, general name. The reliability of isomers and supporting data is judged. The second stage is the classification process from the primary list to the preliminary list, mainly based on the toxicity of organic matter to human beings and the environment and exposure to the principle, LD50, carcinogenicity classification as toxicity evaluation index. The organics were classified with persistence and detection rate as the selection index of exposure. The third stage is the ranking process from the preliminary list to the screening list, mainly based on the toxicity, persistence, mobility and detection of the target organic compounds. The simplified CHEMS-1 model was used as the ranking method. 2. According to the National First-class drinking Water Sanitation Standards of the United States, WHO guidelines for drinking Water quality. EU drinking water quality directive and 8 domestic water quality standards for screening data sources. To verify the existing screening scheme and analyze the stability of the program. 188 items were excluded from the selection list. The stability of the scheme was analyzed. Without considering the detection. The factors that have great influence on the results of screening list are estimated value of each index. The data source is 161 organic indexes with laboratory detection ability and the results of detecting organic matter in groundwater in Northeast China. The screening list in Northeast China was formed by this screening scheme. Compared with the screening list based on water quality standard, there were 71 items which belong to non-standard indexes and 41 of which were detected in Northeast China.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X523

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