表面活性剂条件下生物炭对水中PAHs的去除作用和机制

发布时间：2018-01-16 14:38

  本文关键词：表面活性剂条件下生物炭对水中PAHs的去除作用和机制　出处：《浙江工商大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 生物炭 PAHs 表面活性剂 吸附 降解 Pseudomonas aeruginosa JXQ

【摘要】：生物炭和表面活性剂因其独特的结构性能对环境中污染物的迁移转化和生态效应均有重要的影响。虽然很多研究分别关注了生物炭和表面活性剂在环境污染修复技术中的应用,但表面活性剂共存条件下生物炭对有机污染物的作用及机制尚不清楚。本文以生物炭对多环芳烃(PAHs)的吸附作用及其对微生物降解PAHs的影响为基础,探讨表面活性剂对生物炭吸附PAHs和微生物降解PAHs的影响。在此基础上,重点探讨表面活性剂和生物炭共存条件下水中PAHs的去除机制,着重分析共存条件下表面活性剂对PAHs吸附和降解两方面的作用。主要结论如下：(1)五种不同生物炭对PAHs的吸附平衡曲线均能用Freundlich模型较好地拟合,其吸附机制包含表面吸附作用和固相分配作用。生物炭裂解温度越高,炭化越完全,与PAHs的π-π电子共轭作用越显著,但同时残留的有机质成分减少,对PAHs的固相分配作用减弱。两种吸附机制的共同作用下,500℃裂解的生物炭对PAHs的吸附性能最强。另一方面,动物性来源(猪粪和鸡粪)生物炭的C/H较高,芳香性更强,因此吸附性能强于植物性来源(秸秆)生物炭。(2)阳离子表面活性剂溴代十二烷基吡啶DDPB.非离子表面活性剂TritonX-100和阴离子表面活性剂鼠李糖脂均可不同程度地促进生物炭吸附PAHs,且促进程度与表面活性剂浓度有关。浓度低于350 mg/L(约为1/10 CMC)的DDPB对生物炭吸附PAHs的促进作用最显著,低于1/2CMC浓度的鼠李糖脂及1倍CMC的TritonX-100对生物炭吸附PAHs也有较强的促进作用。表面活性剂对生物炭吸附PAHs的促进作用取决于生物炭上吸附态表面活性剂对PAHs的分配作用,但表面活性剂浓度较高时,溶液中胶束态表面活性剂对PAHs的增溶作用反而抑制了生物炭对PAHs的吸附。(3)三种不同类型表面活性剂鼠李糖脂、TritonX-100和DDPB对铜绿假单胞菌Pseudomonas aeruginosa JXQ降解苊的影响显著不同。鼠李糖脂可显著促进苊的降解,且促进作用随着鼠李糖脂浓度的增大而增强；临界胶束浓度以下的TritonX-100对P. aeruginosa JXQ降解苊都有一定的促进作用,TritonX-100浓度为1倍CMC时促进作用最强。DDPB对苊降解菌P. aeruginosa JXQ有较强毒性,完全抑制了苊的降解。(4)在PAHs水溶液中单独添加生物炭后,一方面由于生物炭的吸附作用令溶液中PAHs浓度下降,另一方面也使溶液中可生物利用的PAHs的浓度减小,P. aeruginosa JXQ对PAHs的降解利用程度减弱。但表面活性剂和生物炭的联合作用可在此基础上进一步提高PAHs的生物可利用性。低浓度鼠李糖脂和生物炭联合作用时不仅促进了溶液中苊的吸附去除,同时促进了P. aeruginosa JXQ对苊的降解。联合作用下对苊的去除效果比两者单独作用时更显著。
[Abstract]:Biological carbon and surface active agent because of its unique structure and properties of the migration and transformation of pollutants in the environment and ecological effects has important influence. Although many studies were concerned about the application of biochar and surfactants in environmental pollution remediation technology, but the mechanism and biological carbon surface active agent under the condition of coexistence of organic pollutants in effect is not clear. The biochar on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) adsorption and its influence on the microbial degradation of PAHs as the basis, to explore the effect of surfactants on the biological carbon adsorption and biodegradation of PAHs PAHs. On this basis, focusing on the surfactant and biological carbon removal mechanism in PAHs under the condition of coexistence. Analysis of the surface active agent under the condition of coexistence of two aspects of PAHs adsorption and degradation. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) five different kinds of carbon on PAHs adsorption equilibrium curve With the Freundlich model fitted well, the adsorption mechanism includes surface adsorption and solid phase distribution. Biochar pyrolysis temperature is higher, the carbonization more completely, and PAHs pi pi electron conjugated effect is more significant, but also reduce the residual component of organic matter, a weakening of the PAHs solid phase distribution function of two. Adsorption mechanism, adsorption properties of the strongest biological carbon 500 C cleavage of PAHs. On the other hand, animal sources (pig manure and chicken manure) biochar C/H higher, stronger aromaticity, therefore strong adsorption from plant sources (straw charcoal). (2) cationic surfactant bromide the twelve generation of alkyl pyridine DDPB. nonionic surfactant TritonX-100 and anionic surfactant rhamnolipid could significantly promote biochar adsorption of PAHs, and promote the degree of concentration of surfactant. The concentration below 350 mg/ L (about 1/10 CMC DDPB) on biological carbon adsorption PAHs promoting effects, 1/2CMC concentration is lower than the Shu Li glycolipids and 1 times of CMC TritonX-100 also has a strong role in promoting the biological carbon. Adsorption of PAHs surfactants on the biological carbon adsorption effect of PAHs on carbon adsorption depends on the biological effects of surfactants on PAHs distribution however, the surfactant concentration is high, the solubilization of micelles state surfactant solution of PAHs inhibited the adsorption of PAHs on the biological carbon. (3) three different types of surfactant Shu Li glycolipids, effects of TritonX-100 and DDPB on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pseudomonas aeruginosa JXQ degradation of acenaphthene were significantly different. The degradation of Shu Li glucose can significantly promote the acenaphthene, and promoting effect increases with the increase of Shu Li glucose concentration; below the critical micelle concentration TritonX-100 can promote the degradation of JXQ aeruginosa P. of acenaphthene With the concentration of TritonX-100 was 1 times of CMC promoted the strongest.DDPB has strong toxicity to the degrading bacteria P. aeruginosa JXQ acenaphthylene, acenaphthene completely inhibited the degradation. (4) biochar alone in PAHs aqueous solution, on the one hand because of adsorption of biochar to PAHs concentration decreased, on the other hand the bioavailable concentration of PAHs decreased in P. aeruginosa JXQ solution, the degradation of PAHs by weaken. But the combined effect of surfactants and biochar can further improve PAHs bioavailability. The combined effect of low concentration of rhamnolipid and biological carbon not only promoted the adsorption of solution acenaphthene, while promoting the degradation of P. aeruginosa JXQ. The acenaphthene removal effect of acenaphthene under combined action is more significant than either alone.

【学位授予单位】：浙江工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703

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相关期刊论文 前1条

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