蚯蚓粪中除臭微生物的筛选及培养条件优化

发布时间：2018-01-18 02:08

  本文关键词：蚯蚓粪中除臭微生物的筛选及培养条件优化　出处：《东北农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 蚯蚓粪 除臭微生物 筛选

【摘要】：随着工农业的发展和人们对周围环境要求的日益提高,恶臭污染越来越引起人们的广泛关注。研究表明,恶臭污染中主要的污染物就是氨气和硫化氢,会造成人体的慢性中毒,甚至威胁生命。蚯蚓粪是具有高孔隙度和比表面积的颗粒状物质,具有吸附臭气的作用,并且蚯蚓粪中含有大量微生物,可促进恶臭物质的分解而达到除臭的目的。但是目前国内有关于蚯蚓粪的微生物学研究进行的还不够深入,恶臭处理的研究和应用报道也很少。本试验以蚯蚓处理城市污泥得到的蚯蚓粪为研究对象,利用蚯蚓粪具有除臭功能的特性,从中筛选高效除臭菌株,将得到的菌种进行复配,利用复合菌株进行恶臭降解能力测试,并进行复合菌株培养条件的优化,得到以下结论:蚯蚓粪样品的高通量测序结果表明,蚯蚓粪中含有除氨能力较好的产碱杆菌属和脱硫能力较好的芽胞杆菌属。利用初筛和复筛相结合的方法,经过25天的培养从蚯蚓粪中分离出6株高效除氨菌NH1、NH4、NH6、NH9、NH11、NH12和NH13,5株脱硫菌HS2、HS3、HS5、HS7和HS10。除氨能力最强的菌种为NH1,NH3去除率为50.34%;脱硫能力最强的菌种为HS3,H2S去除率为54.69%。将复筛得到的除氨菌和脱硫菌分别进行菌种复配,利用复合菌种进行鸡粪的恶臭降解试验,结果表明:在培养25天时,NH1与NH9、NH11除氨复合菌系使NH3的释放量与对照相比降低了58.21%;HS2与HS3、HS5脱硫复合菌系使H2S的释放量与对照相比降低了72.55%。在相同的培养条件下,复合菌系的除臭效果均高于复筛选出的单个菌株的效果。对复合菌系中的6株菌分别做生理生化鉴定和分子生物学鉴定,结果表明:NH1为产碱杆菌属(Alcaligenes sp.),NH9为柠檬酸杆菌属(Citrobacter sp.),NH11为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.);HS2为节杆菌属(Arthrobacter sp.),HS3为嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas sp.),HS5为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus sp.)。对复合菌系进行混合培养条件优化试验,结果表明:除氨复合菌系最佳培养条件为温度30℃,p H 7.5,摇床转速175 rpm,接种量10%。脱硫复合菌系最佳培养条件为温度28℃,p H 7.0,摇床转速150 rpm,接种量15%。
[Abstract]:With the development of industry and agriculture and the increasing demands on the environment, the odor pollution has attracted more and more attention. The research shows that ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are the main pollutants in the odor pollution. Earthworm dung is a granular substance with high porosity and specific surface area, which can adsorb odor and contain a large number of microbes in earthworm dung. It can promote the decomposition of odors and achieve the purpose of deodorization. However, there are some microbiological studies on earthworm dung in China, which are not deep enough. The research and application of deodorant treatment were also few. In this experiment, earthworm dung from urban sludge treatment was used as the research object, and the effective deodorizing strain was screened by using earthworm manure with deodorization function. The compound strain was used to test the ability of odor degradation, and the culture conditions of the compound strain were optimized. The following conclusions were obtained: the high-throughput sequencing results of earthworm feces showed that: 1. The earthworm dung contains Alcaligenes with better ammonia removal ability and Bacillus with better desulphurization ability. The method of combination of primary screening and double screening is used. After 25 days of culture, 6 strains of high efficiency ammonia removal bacteria, NH 1, NH 4, NH 6, NH 6, NH 9, NH 11, NH 12, and NH 13, 5 strains of desulphurizing bacteria, HS2 + HS3, were isolated from earthworm dung. HS5 + HS7 and HS10. The highest ammonia removal rate was NH1 (NH3) removal rate (50.34). The removal rate of HS3H2S was 54.690.Ammonia-removing bacteria and desulphurizing bacteria were mixed separately, and the odor degradation test of chicken manure was carried out by using compound bacteria. The results showed that the release of NH3 was reduced by 58.21% compared with that of the control at 25 days after culture. The amount of H2S released by HS2 and HS3 / HS5 desulphurization composite strain was 72.55% lower than that of the control, under the same culture conditions. The deodorization effect of the compound strain was higher than that of the single strain screened again. The physiological and biochemical identification and molecular biological identification of 6 strains of the compound strain were done respectively. The results showed that the proportion of NH _ 1 to Alcaligenes sp. and NH _ 9 was Citrobacter sp.). NH11 is Pseudomonas sp. HS2 belongs to Arthrobacter sp. HS3, which belongs to Stenotrophomonas sp.). HS5 was Bacillus sp. The optimum culture condition of the compound strain was optimized. The results showed that the optimum culture condition of the compound strain was 30 鈩，

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