脱墨污泥热解工艺研究

发布时间：2018-01-18 03:17

  本文关键词：脱墨污泥热解工艺研究　出处：《齐鲁工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 脱墨污泥 热重分析 动力学 催化热解

【摘要】：本论文主要探讨了影响脱墨污泥热解特性的相关因素。分别采用环境扫描电镜观测脱墨污泥的形貌,傅里叶红外光谱仪分析脱墨污泥内含物质的分子结构,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪检测其金属元素含量,从而对脱墨污泥的物化性质进行研究；然后通过热重分析仪研究脱墨污泥的热解特性,并对热解过程中得到的失重曲线进行模拟,进而对脱墨污泥的热解动力学进行探索研究；同时,采用热重-红外联用技术探索催化剂对脱墨污泥热解的影响；最后,利用管式炉热解脱墨污泥,采用气相色谱仪、气相色谱质谱联用仪、元素分析仪和傅里叶红外光谱仪分析热解温度对脱墨污泥热解产物的影响。脱墨污泥的物化性质研究结果表明,脱墨污泥中含有大量的有机物,有机物主要为细小纤维和油墨。脱墨污泥的无机物中碳酸钙的含量较多,还含有部分高岭土。脱墨污泥所含的金属元素中Ca元素含量最高,Al元素含量其次,重金属元素含量较低,并且多数金属元素含量随着焚烧温度的升高而减少。采用热重分析方法研究脱墨污泥的热解特性及热解动力学,结果表明脱墨污泥的热解反应能够分成3个阶段：水分脱除阶段、主要热解阶段和残炭及无机填料分解阶段。脱墨污泥热解动力学研究发现,利用一级三段模型模拟的污泥热解过程效果最好。脱墨污泥热解的热重(TG)曲线和微分热重曲线(DTG)曲线表明,随着升温速率的增大,低温段和高温段主反应温区的起始温度和峰值温度均向高温区域移动,残余固体得率提高,反应的活化能和频率因子也增大。添加催化剂(MgCl2、NaCl、ZnCl2和CaCl2)对脱墨污泥的热解有一定催化作用,不仅降低了热解主反应区的起始温度、峰值温度,还降低了反应的活化能。利用TG-FTIR联用技术研究催化剂(MgCl2和NaCl)对脱墨污泥热解气相产物的影响,结果表明添加MgCl2降低了脱墨污泥热解温度,使得CO、CO2和饱和C-H类物质在较低的热解温度下生成,NaCl的添加对热解气相产物的影响不大。热解温度在500～800℃范围内,脱墨污泥管式炉热解的三相产物中,固体产物的相对产率最高,气体相对产率最低。随热解温度的增加,气体产物的相对产率不断增大,固体的相对产率逐渐减小,但液体的变化不明显。气相产物中主要包括CO2、CO、CH4、H2和C2H4等；液相热解油中主要含有苯的衍生物、多环芳香烃、茚和萘的衍生物及少量的烯烃、烷烃等,其中苯乙烯含量最高；固体产物的主要成分为碳酸钙、高岭土、偏高岭土和氧化钙等。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the related factors affecting the pyrolysis characteristics of deinked sludge were discussed. The morphology of deinked sludge was observed by environmental scanning electron microscope, and the molecular structure of the substance in deinking sludge was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The content of metal elements was measured by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP-AES), and the physical and chemical properties of deinking sludge were studied. Then the pyrolysis characteristics of deinked sludge were studied by thermogravimetric analysis, and the weight loss curve obtained during pyrolysis was simulated, and the kinetics of deinking sludge pyrolysis was studied. At the same time, the effect of catalyst on the pyrolysis of deinked sludge was investigated by thermogravimetry and infrared spectroscopy. Finally, gas chromatograph and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to deinking sludge from tube furnace. The effect of pyrolysis temperature on the pyrolysis products of deinked sludge was analyzed by elemental analyzer and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The results of physicochemical properties of deinking sludge showed that there were a lot of organic matter in deinking sludge. The organic matter is mainly fine fiber and ink. The content of calcium carbonate in inorganic matter of deinking sludge is more, and some kaolin is also contained. The content of Ca in deinking sludge is the highest. The content of Al was lower than that of heavy metal, and the content of most metal elements decreased with the increase of incineration temperature. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to study the pyrolysis characteristics and pyrolysis kinetics of deinking sludge. The results showed that the pyrolysis reaction of deinking sludge could be divided into three stages: water removal stage, main pyrolysis stage and decomposition stage of carbon and inorganic filler. The pyrolysis process of sludge simulated by the first-order three-stage model was the best. The TGG curve and the differential thermogravimetric curve (DTG) curve of deinking sludge pyrolysis showed that with the increase of heating rate. The initial temperature and peak temperature of the main reaction temperature region in the low temperature section and the high temperature stage moved to the high temperature region, the yield of the residual solids increased, the activation energy and the frequency factor of the reaction also increased, and the catalyst MgCl 2 was added. NaCl-ZnCl _ 2 and CaCl _ 2) can catalyze the pyrolysis of deinked sludge, which not only reduces the initial temperature and peak temperature of the main pyrolysis zone. The activation energy of the reaction was also reduced. The effect of catalysts MgCl _ 2 and NaCl on the gas phase products of deinking sludge was studied by TG-FTIR. The results showed that the addition of MgCl2 reduced the pyrolysis temperature of deinked sludge and resulted in the formation of CO-CO _ 2 and saturated C-H at lower pyrolysis temperature. The addition of NaCl had little effect on the pyrolysis gas phase product. The relative yield of solid product was the highest in the three phase pyrolysis products of deinking sludge tube furnace at 500 ~ 800 鈩，

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