山美水库流域面源污染物调查及分析

发布时间：2018-01-19 19:25

本文关键词： 水库污染物调查分析　出处：《福建农林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：山美水库及其进出口的水质部分监测项目如总氮、总磷等污染严重,已超过V类水质标准,本研究针对山美水库流域内污染物进行现状分析、入库河流重要断面水质与污染源入河量分析,探究流域内污染物主要来源,得出优先控制的主要污染源的名单,为山美水库环境生态的保护提供依据。山美水库污染物调查与分析结果表明：(1)在工业污染源调查与分析中,氨氮排放量呈上升趋势,废水排放量与COD等污染排放量随着年份的变化排放量呈下降趋势；在畜禽养殖调查与分析中,COD、氨氮和总磷排放量变化趋势一致,随着年份的变化排放量略有上升；在城镇生活污水调查与分析中,COD、氨氮和总磷排放量变化趋势一致,随着年份的变化排放量基本无变化；在农村生活污水调查与分析中,COD、氨氮和总磷排放量变化趋势一致,随着年份的变化排放量略有下降；在农田径流调查与分析中,COD、氨氮和总磷排放量变化趋势一致,随着年份的变化排放量略呈上升趋势；在农村生活垃圾调查与分析中,COD、氨氮和总磷排放量变化趋势一致,随着年份的变化排放量呈明显的下降趋势；在城镇径流调查与分析中,2013年流域内城镇初期雨水径流为455.70万吨,COD、氨氮、总氮和总磷的排放量分别为1275.96吨、15.95吨、164.05吨和7.75吨；在水库内源调查与分析中,山美水库底泥沉积物为水库水体的次生污染源,在条件发生变化时,底泥与水体中氮平衡被打破,沉积物中的氮可能出现解析,将对水库水体产生影响,具有一定的潜在风险。(2)在各污染物排放量核算中,COD的排放量最大的为农村生活污水,氨氮的排放量最大的为农田径流,总氮的排放量最大的为畜禽养殖,总磷的排放量最大的为畜禽养殖。(3)在入河量的分析中,主要污染物来源于桃溪河流。(4)通过对污染物的调查分析中表明,山美水库的COD、氨氮、总氮和总磷等主要污染物的来源,·应优先进行控制。
[Abstract]:The water quality monitoring items such as total nitrogen and total phosphorus in Shanmei Reservoir and its import and export have been polluted seriously and exceeded the class V water quality standard. The present situation of pollutants in Shanmei Reservoir basin is analyzed in this study. The main sources of pollutants in the river basin are investigated by analyzing the water quality and the quantity of the pollution sources in the important sections of the reservoir rivers, and the list of the main pollution sources under priority control is obtained. The results of investigation and analysis of pollutants in Shanmei Reservoir show that the amount of ammonia and nitrogen emission is on the rise in the investigation and analysis of industrial pollution sources. The discharge of wastewater and pollution such as COD decreased with the change of year. In the investigation and analysis of livestock and poultry breeding, the change trend of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus emissions was the same, with the change of year emissions slightly increased; In the investigation and analysis of urban domestic sewage, the change trend of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus emissions is the same, and the amount of discharge is basically unchanged with the change of year. In the investigation and analysis of rural domestic sewage, the change trend of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus emissions was the same, and the amount of discharge decreased slightly with the change of year. In the investigation and analysis of farmland runoff, the trend of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus emissions is the same, and with the change of the year, the amount of discharge slightly increases. In the investigation and analysis of rural domestic solid waste (MSW), the trend of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus emissions is the same, and with the change of year, the amount of discharge is obviously decreasing. In the investigation and analysis of urban runoff, in 2013, the initial runoff of Rain Water was four million five hundred and fifty-seven thousand tons of COD, and the discharge of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus was 1275.96 tons respectively. 15.95 tons, 164.05 tons and 7.75 tons; In the investigation and analysis of reservoir internal sources, the sediment of Shanmei Reservoir is the secondary pollution source of reservoir water. When the conditions change, the nitrogen balance between sediment and water is broken, and the nitrogen in sediment may be analyzed. There is a certain potential risk. 2) in the calculation of pollutant discharge, the largest amount of COD emission is rural domestic sewage, and the largest discharge of ammonia nitrogen is farmland runoff. The largest amount of total nitrogen emission is livestock and poultry breeding, and the largest total phosphorus emission is livestock and poultry breeding. (3) in the analysis of the amount of water entering the river. Through the investigation and analysis of pollutants, it is indicated that the source of major pollutants, such as COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus, should be controlled preferentially.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X524

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