杨木化机制浆废液污染特性及生物降解机理研究

发布时间：2018-01-21 14:37

本文关键词： 杨木 P-RC APMP 白腐菌微生物菌群生物降解　出处：《天津科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：速生原料杨木在造纸制浆过程中,经预浸渍和磨浆挤浆预处理后所流出的废液含有多种污染物,若直接外排不仅会污染环境,还会造成资源的浪费。目前,对杨木P-RCAPMP制浆废液的污染特性及生物降解制浆废液中有机污染物的代谢机理方面的研究鲜有报道。本文从环境中真菌与细菌联合可以高效降解污染物这一思路出发,在检测、分析杨木P-RC APMP制浆废液污染特性及难生物降解有机污染物基础上,考察了生物发酵培养的最优条件及转化过程中对有机污染物的降解机理,并以废液为基质进行了高效功能菌群的培养分离,旨在能与白腐菌形成有效结合,为有效处理该废液提供新的思路。本文以制浆废液污染成分分析为出发点,采用常规分析、超滤、红外、色谱和质谱等现代分析方法,研究杨木制浆废液的污染特性。结果表明,制浆废液含有较高浓度的溶解态有机物,COD较高为18108.1 mg/L,B/C为0.17可生化性差,其中,在污染组分中小分子量有机污染物是废液COD的主要来源,而相对分子量较大的污染物是废液色度的主要来源。在制浆过程中废液中大分子有机物可被分解成小分子有机物,这些有机物结构中含有羟基、羰基、双键、羧基和醚基等发色基团和助色基团。经GC-MS检测,废液中共含有38种有机污染物,主要为芳香族化合物包括酚类、酮类、醇类、有机酸类等。通过厌氧反应与白腐菌处理制浆废液效果的对比,研究选择白腐菌作为制浆废液降解的预处理微生物。优化白腐菌的条件,对处理后的废水进行了检测分析,并对废水中的重要成分苯丙酸进行了代谢产物检测分析。结果表明,在摇床转速150 r/min,培养时间为4 d,培养温度为30℃-35℃,初始pH为6.0-6.5,葡萄糖和酒石酸铵为最佳碳氮源,C/N为10的条件下,废液的总化学需氧量的去除率达62%,还原糖、总糖及酸溶木质素含量均有所降低。生物处理后有机污染物的种类大大减少,也有新的成分生成,但是废液中仍存在一定浓度的难生物降解有机物。为了探索白腐菌对废液中有机物的降解机理,以苯丙酸为培养基中的唯一碳源,研究其降解代谢产物,结果表明,苯丙酸经侧链断裂转化为苯甲酸,接着形成对/邻甲氧基苯酚,继而脱甲基形成对/邻羟基苯酚,然后苯环发生开环反应形成8,8-二甲氧基-2-辛醇或结构相似的直链醇,最后进入三羧酸循环。驯化培养制浆废液中的优势微生物菌群,研究其对经白腐菌处理后制浆废液的降解效果,并将其与筛选分离的几个菌株对降解效果进行对比。结果表明,混合高效菌群是一个降解功能整体,对废液COD的去除率可达到35%左右,且处理后有机污染物种类明显减少,但废液中COD浓度仍有2800 mg/L以上,废液中仍含有难降解的组分,这些组分并不能利用GC-MS进行检测。本文使用多种分析手段检测分析了制浆废液中的成分,并通过实验证实了白腐菌与功能微生物菌群联合降解制浆废水的可行性,具有较好的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Fast-growing poplar wood raw material in pulp and papermaking process, waste liquid by pre impregnation and pulp pulp after pretreatment of the outflow of kinds of pollutants, if directly discharged not only pollute the environment but also a waste of resources. At present, there is few research reports on the metabolic mechanism of organic pollutants and pollution characteristics of biodegradation of pulping waste liquor poplar P-RCAPMP pulping wastewater in this paper. From the environment with bacteria and fungi can efficiently degrade pollutants in this point of view, detection, analysis of poplar P-RC APMP pulping wastewater pollution characteristics and bio degradable organic pollutants on the basis of investigation of the degradation mechanism of organic pollutants in the optimal conditions for bio fermentation and transformation in the process, and the isolation and culture of bacteria, to waste as matrix, in order to effectively combine with white rot fungi, and provide a new way for the treatment of the waste water In this paper, pulping wastewater pollution. Component analysis as a starting point, using conventional analysis, infrared, ultrafiltration, chromatography and mass spectrometry and other modern analysis methods, the pollution characteristics of poplar pulping wastewater. The results showed that the dissolved organic matter pulping wastewater containing high concentration, high COD 18108.1 mg/L, B/C 0.17 poorbiodegradability among them, the pollution components, small molecular organic pollutants are the main sources of waste COD, and the relative molecular weight of pollutants is the main source of the chroma. In the process of high molecular organic compounds in wastewater can be decomposed into small molecular organic compounds, the structures of organic compounds containing hydroxyl, carbonyl, double bond. Carboxyl and ether groups chromophore and chromophore help. By GC-MS detection, the waste water contains 38 kinds of organic pollutants, such as aromatic compounds including phenols, ketones, alcohols, organic acids by anaerobic reaction and. Comparison of treatment effect of pulping effluent by white rot fungi, selection of white rot fungi as pretreatment of microbial degradation of pulping wastewater. The optimization conditions of white rot fungi, of the treated wastewater were detected and analyzed, and the important component of benzoic acid in wastewater of metabolite analysis. The results show that the rotate speed 150 r/min, culture time 4 D, culture temperature is 30 DEG -35 DEG pH, initial 6.0-6.5, glucose and ammonium tartrate as the best carbon and nitrogen source, C/N is 10, the total COD removal rate of the wastewater was 62%, reducing sugar, total sugar and acid soluble lignin content were reduced. After the biological treatment of organic pollutant species greatly reduced, also generate new components, but the organic matter concentration in the effluent is still difficult to biodegrade. In order to explore the mechanism of degradation of organic compounds in waste water by white rot fungi, with benzene propionic acid as the medium The only carbon source, study its degradation metabolites, results show that the acid side chain cleavage is converted to benzoic acid, then the formation of / o-methoxyphenol, then demethylation / formation of o-aminophenol, then the benzene ring opening reaction to form 8,8- two methoxy -2- octanol or similar structure of straight chain alcohol, finally enter the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Three acclimation of pulping effluent the advantages of microbial flora, to study its effect on the degradation of pulping waste liquid by white rot fungus, and several strains isolated on the degradation efficiency were compared. The results showed that the mixed bacteria group is a function of the overall degradation. Wastewater COD removal rate can reach about 35%, and after the treatment of organic pollutants was significantly reduced, but the effluent COD concentration is still above 2800 mg/L, effluent still contains refractory components, these components can not use GC-MS for detection in this paper. A variety of analytical methods were used to detect and analyze components in pulping waste liquor. The feasibility of combined degradation of pulping wastewater by white rot fungi and functional microbes was confirmed by experiments, which has a good application prospect.

【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703

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