好氧颗粒污泥中试设备的研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 03:26

本文关键词： 好氧颗粒污泥混凝强化造粒膜片搅拌 SBR反应器　出处：《中国海洋大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：好氧颗粒污泥是微生物在特定环境下自发凝聚、增殖而形成的结构紧密、沉降性良好、生物活性高的生物颗粒。由于其粒径较大、结构复杂,液相中的氧气和基质向颗粒内部传递时存在较大的阻力,在单一的颗粒内部会同时形成多种氧环境和营养环境,为不同微生物提供了良好的生长条件,因而具有多种代谢形式,是实现废水中营养物质一体化处理的理想主体。然而,好氧颗粒污泥培养时间过长,反应器高径比过大,能耗高等因素,制约该技术的推广应用。本论文以中试规模好氧颗粒污泥培养设备为研究对象,研究低高径比SBR(Sequence Batch Reacto)反应器中颗粒污泥的培养情况。以缩短好氧颗粒污泥的形成时间为目的,通过在培养过程中投加混凝剂的方式,研究好氧颗粒污泥的形成过程及其特性。实验采用SBR反应器高径比为3.75和5。以醋酸钠为基质,以絮状活性污泥为接种污泥,在前期驯化和培养实验阶段中,COD负荷为2.47～3.84kg/(m3·d), C:N:P=100:5:1、表面上升气体流速为0.053-0.11 0cm/s,形成的细小颗粒,呈黄褐色细砂状外观,反应器内为颗粒状污泥和絮状污泥混合存在。污泥沉降性能得到了较大的改善,SVI指数由接种污泥的144.82ml/g降至62.74ml/g。在培养过程中,对COD、NH4+-N和TP的平均去除率分别达到了85.61%,90.48%,64.82%。利用混凝处理技术,投加PAC(Polyaluminium Chloride)强化颗粒污泥的形成。结果发现PAC的浓度为180mg.L时,利用曝气提供剪切力进行搅拌,颗粒污泥的沉降性得到进一步改善。投加PAC对SBR反应器中碳、氮和磷的去除率有一定的影响。PAC有效的改善了COD和TP的去除,但对NH4+-N的去除有一定的抑制作用。为了提高搅拌的效能,采用江宇公司的专利技术膜片,先后放入两个钢化玻璃的反应器中进行去除浊度的实验。结果表明在过水断面较小,流速较快的情况下能较好的发挥膜片搅拌作用。本实验中将膜片放入内壁不光滑的套管中,在经过这一循环之后,污泥好氧颗粒化进程加快,最终培养出肉眼可见的好氧颗粒污泥,平均粒径为0.65mm, SVI达到52ml/g。系统对COD、NH4+-N和TP仍能保持较好的去除率,分别为90.27%、72.65%、89.46%。对反应器运行过程中的参数进行优化,通过曝气强度分别为300L/h,500L/和800L/h的情况下测定反应器内溶解氧,得到溶解氧变化规律。并测定不同曝气强度下一个典型周期内污染物的转化规律,并分析对去除率的影响。结果证明,污染物的去除率随着曝气量的增加而提高,但这种影响有一定的范围,去除率在达到一定值后便不会再升高。好氧颗粒污泥SBR反应器连续稳定运行了100d,反应器运行过程中保持了良好的污染物同步去除效果。研究表明,在低高径比的SBR反应器中,较低的曝气量下,投加PAC强化污泥颗粒化,辅助以膜片搅拌,有利于好氧颗粒污泥的形成,并且系统可以保持良好的处理效能。
[Abstract]:The aerobic granular sludge is microbial spontaneous in the specific environment of condensation, proliferation and the formation of compact structure, good settleability, high biological activity of biological particles. Because of its large size, complex structure, there is greater resistance in the liquid phase and the oxygen transfer to the particles inside the matrix, while the formation of a variety of oxygen environment and nutrition in the internal environment will single particles, provides good conditions for the growth of different microorganisms, which has a variety of metabolic forms, is to achieve the ideal subject of integrated treatment of nutrients in the wastewater. However, aerobic granular sludge cultivation time, reactor height to diameter ratio is too large, high energy consumption factors, restricting the popularization and application of technology. This thesis based on a pilot scale aerobic granular sludge cultivation equipment as the research object, the research of low high aspect ratio SBR (Sequence Batch Reacto) condition training granular sludge in the reactor. In order to shorten the aerobic granular. The formation time of granular sludge for the purpose, by adding coagulant in the process of training mode, the research on the formation of aerobic granular sludge and its characteristics. The SBR reactor with high aspect ratio of 3.75 and 5. with sodium acetate as substrate, with flocculent activated sludge as seed sludge, in the first period of domestication and cultivation experiment in COD, the load is 2.47 ~ 3.84kg/ (M3 - D), C:N:P=100:5:1, surface increased the gas flow rate is 0.053-0.11 0cm/s, the formation of fine particles, yellowish brown looks like fine sand, for the existence of granular sludge and activated sludge mixed reactor. The sludge settling performance is greatly improved, the SVI index by inoculating sludge 144.82ml/g to 62.74ml/g. in the training process, the COD, NH4+-N and TP average removal rate reached 85.61%, 90.48%, coagulation treatment technology using 64.82%., adding PAC (Polyaluminium Chloride) enhanced granular sludge form The results showed that PAC. The concentration of 180mg.L, aeration using shear force of stirring, settlement of granular sludge was further improved. The addition of PAC to SBR in the reactor of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus removal rate has certain effect of.PAC can effectively improve the removal of COD and TP, but for NH4 +-N the removal of a certain extent. In order to improve the mixing efficiency, using patented technology of diaphragm Jiang Yu company, for turbidity removal experimental reactor has put two toughened glass. The results show that the cross section of small, fast flow can better play the diaphragm stirring. This experiment will add diaphragm the casing wall is not smooth, after this cycle of aerobic sludge granulation process, and ultimately cultivate aerobic granular sludge visible to the naked eye, with an average diameter of 0.65mm, SVI to 52ml/g. of COD, NH4+-N and TP Can still maintain good removal rate, respectively 90.27%, 72.65%, the reactor operation parameters in the process of optimization of 89.46%., the aeration intensity was 300L/h, determination of dissolved oxygen in the reactor 500L/ and 800L/h, the change law of dissolved oxygen. And determine the transformation rule of pollutants in typical cycle under different aeration a, and analyze the influence on the removal rate. The results show that the pollutant removal rate increased with the increase of aeration rate, but this effect has a certain range of removal rate reaches a certain value will not be increased. The aerobic granular sludge SBR reactor for continuous and stable operation of the 100D reactor operation process to maintain a good pollutant removal effect synchronization. The results show that in the low and high SBR reactor diameter ratio, aeration rate under low dosage of PAC sludge granulation, aided by diaphragm stirring for aerobic The formation of granular sludge, and the system can maintain good treatment efficiency.

【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703.3

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