典型重金属离子在碳纳米管上的吸附与解吸附研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 03:16

本文关键词： 碳纳米管吸附解吸附生物模拟液协同效应　出处：《上海大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：碳纳米管因其独特的结构和优异的性能引起了人们极大的关注,在能源、电子行业、材料行业、生物医药和环境应用等领域有着广泛的应用。如作为性能优异的吸附剂,碳纳米管对许多污染物都能表现出很高的吸附能力,因此在水处理过程中有良好的应用前景。与此同时,由于其广泛的应用和巨大的潜力,碳纳米管的生物安全性也一直备受关注。近年来,碳纳米管和重金属离子的协同毒性作用引起了不少学者的兴趣,一些研究表明碳纳米管会加剧重金属离子的毒性。可是,目前的研究主要集中在测量这种协同效应,对相关机制研究很少。要充分了解碳纳米管与金属离子协同作用的机制,第一步就是要研究在生物系统中金属离子在碳纳米管上的吸附和解吸附情况。本文用硝硫混酸氧化的方法制备O-MWCNTs,并系统研究了生物模拟液体系中典型重金属离子在O-MWCNTs上的吸附和解吸附情况。测定了Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+在O-MWCNTs上的动力学曲线和等温吸附曲线,四种金属离子共存时的竞争吸附情况。然后在生物模拟液中测定了单独和竞争情况下Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+从O-MWCNTs上的解吸附的情况。实验结果表明,碳纳米管对Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+和Cd2+有比较高的吸附能力并且吸附速度很快,在竞争吸附中Pb2+的吸附量最高。在不同的生物模拟液中,四种金属离子的解吸附状况完全不一样,解吸附很大程度上受p H和蛋白/其他阳离子的影响。在胃模拟液中,金属离子解吸的最多,其他几种生物模拟液中相对较少。竞争吸附的结果显示Pb2+与碳纳米管结合的更紧密,因此它的解吸附较少。和单一金属解吸附情况相比,竞争解吸附情况下,四种金属离子的解吸附情况完全不一样。这些研究结果为更好地评估碳纳米管的生物安全性以及与重金属离子的协同效应的机制提供了重要数据。
[Abstract]:Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted great attention due to their unique structure and excellent properties, in the energy, electronics and materials industries. As an excellent adsorbent, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been widely used in many fields such as biomedicine and environmental applications. Therefore, there is a good application prospect in the process of water treatment. At the same time, the biological safety of carbon nanotubes has been concerned in recent years because of its wide application and great potential. The synergistic toxicity of carbon nanotubes and heavy metal ions has aroused the interest of many scholars. Some studies have shown that carbon nanotubes can increase the toxicity of heavy metal ions. The current research focuses on the measurement of this synergistic effect, but few on the related mechanisms. It is necessary to fully understand the mechanism of the interaction between carbon nanotubes and metal ions. The first step is to study the adsorption and desorption of metal ions on carbon nanotubes in biological system. The adsorption and desorption of typical heavy metal ions on O-MWCNTs were studied systematically, and Pb2 Cu2 + Zn2 was determined. The kinetic curves and isothermal adsorption curves of Cd2 on O-MWCNTs, and the competitive adsorption of four metal ions in the presence of four metal ions. The desorption of Cu2 ~ (2 +) Zn ~ (2 +) ~ (2 +) CD _ (2) from O-MWCNTs. The experimental results show that Pb2 _ (2) Cu _ (2) is adsorbed by carbon nanotubes. Zn2 and Cd2 have relatively high adsorption capacity and the adsorption rate is very fast. The adsorption capacity of Pb2 is the highest in competitive adsorption. The desorption of the four metal ions is completely different, and the desorption is largely influenced by pH and protein / other cations. In the gastric analogue, the desorption of metal ions is the most. The results of competitive adsorption show that Pb2 binds more closely to carbon nanotubes, so it is less desorbed than that of single metal. Competitive desorption. These results provide important data for evaluating the biological safety of carbon nanotubes and the mechanism of synergistic effect with heavy metal ions.
【学位授予单位】：上海大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：O647.3;X703

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