壳聚糖阳离子季铵盐的合成及对印染废水脱色性能研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 04:41

  本文关键词： 壳聚糖阳离子季铵盐 2 3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵 脱色剂　出处：《中原工学院》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文拟用自然界中可生物降解的甲壳质脱乙酰后生成的壳聚糖为起始原料,通过阳离子化改性,合成一种高分子阳离子聚合物,利用阳离子化的壳聚糖与染料中的阴离子结合形成不溶水的大分子将印染废水中的染料沉淀下来,从而高效吸附印染废水中的染料大分子,以及其他含阴离子基团的化合物。实验部分主要设计合成壳聚糖阳离子季铵盐脱色剂,首先合成2,3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵(GTA),继而以GTA为季铵化剂,利用了壳聚糖分子链上存在的大量氨基,在有机溶剂中进行季铵化反应合成壳聚糖阳离子季铵盐。利用生成的壳聚糖阳离子季铵盐去处理染料溶液,从而达到对染料溶液的脱色处理。具体实验内容包括:探讨了不同的途径合成GTA,最终综合实验条件和产率,确定了以三甲胺(TMA),盐酸和环氧氯丙烷等为反应起始原料,首先合成GTA,继而以GTA为季铵化剂,在有机溶剂中合成壳聚糖阳离子季铵盐。研究了不同的合成条件对取代度大小的影响,主要讨论的影响因素有反应投料摩尔比,不同溶剂,反应温度,初始反应体系p H值。探讨了CTS/GTA摩尔比、溶胀时间、合成温度和反应时间对壳聚糖阳离子季铵盐取代度的影响,以及对染料废水的脱色性能研究,经过一系列的正交实验法选择出了较佳的合成反应条件。实验结果表明,CTS/GTA摩尔比为1:3,初始反应体系p H值为6,水与异丙醇的体积比为3,反应温度为60℃~80℃的时候,壳聚糖阳离子季铵盐的取代度相对来说较高。CTS/GTA摩尔比为1:3,溶胀时间为50min,合成温度为60℃,反应时间为10h,在这个反应条件下所得的产物对直接染料和酸性染料有良好的脱色性能。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a kind of polymer cationic polymer was synthesized by cationic modification with chitosan which was deacetylated from biodegradable chitin in nature. The dye in dyeing wastewater was precipitated by cationic chitosan combined with anions in dyes to form insoluble water macromolecules which could efficiently adsorb dye macromolecules in printing and dyeing wastewater. In the experiment part, we designed and synthesized chitosan cationic quaternary ammonium salt decolorizer, first, we synthesized 2% 3-epichloropropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (GTAA). Then, using GTA as quaternary ammonium, a large amount of amino groups were used in the molecular chain of chitosan. Chitosan cationic quaternary ammonium salt was synthesized by quaternary ammonium reaction in organic solvent, and the dye solution was treated by chitosan cationic quaternary ammonium salt. In order to achieve the decolorization of dye solution, the specific experimental contents include: the different ways of synthesis of GTAs were discussed, the final experimental conditions and yield were synthesized, and the trimethylamine (TMA) was determined. Hydrochloric acid and epichlorohydrin were used as starting materials to synthesize GTA, and then GTA was used as quaternary ammonium. Chitosan cationic quaternary ammonium salt was synthesized in organic solvent. The influence of different synthesis conditions on the degree of substitution was studied. The main influencing factors were molar ratio of reactant, different solvent and reaction temperature. The effects of CTS/GTA molar ratio, swelling time, synthesis temperature and reaction time on the degree of substitution of chitosan cationic quaternary ammonium salt were investigated. And the decolorization performance of dye wastewater was studied. Through a series of orthogonal experiments, the optimum synthetic reaction conditions were selected. The experimental results showed that the molar ratio of CTS / GTA was 1: 3. The pH value of the initial reaction system is 6, the volume ratio of water to isopropanol is 3, and the reaction temperature is 60 鈩，

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