高炉渣吸附剂对重金属离子吸附性能的研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 04:36

本文关键词： 高炉渣吸附重金属离子动力学热力学　出处：《内蒙古科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高炉渣是炼铁工艺过程中产生的废物，由于高炉渣巨大的产生量和其相关的处理成本，用高炉渣作为吸附剂应用到重金属废水处理中是非常有必要的。本文采用高炉渣作为吸附剂，将高炉渣用去离子水洗涤后烘干，再用球磨机磨碎，最后用分样筛进行分筛，用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、比表面积分析仪（BET）、红外光谱仪(FTIR)、高分辨单道扫描等离子光谱仪（ICP）等仪器对其进行材料表征。研究了影响因素（高炉渣投加量、时间、温度、pH值和溶液浓度）对Cu2+、Cd2+、Zn2+吸附的效果的影响，再采用正交试验法确定其吸附Cu2+、Cd2+、Zn2+的最佳工艺条件，，又进行了高炉渣对Cu2+、Cd2+、Zn2+三种金属离子的竞争试验，最后研究了高炉渣吸附Cu2+、Cd2+、Zn2+的机理，研究结果如下：（1）通过高炉渣吸附Cu2+、Cd2+、Zn2+的单因素试验研究，得出高炉渣能够很好地吸附Cu2+、Cd2+、Zn2+，去除率均可达到99%。由正交试验得出，影响高炉渣吸附Cu2+的主要因素为温度，其次为振荡时间，然后为高炉渣投加量，最后为pH值；影响高炉渣吸附Cd2+的主要因素为pH值，其次为温度，然后为高炉渣投加量，最后为振荡时间；影响高炉渣吸附Zn2+的主要因素为溶液pH值，其次是高炉渣投加量，然后为温度，最后为振荡时间。（2）由竞争吸附试验得出，Cu2+、Cd2+、Zn2+在高炉渣上的吸附行为是相互抑制的，高炉渣对Cu2+、Cd2+、Zn2+三种金属离子的吸附选择顺序为Cu2+＞Cd2+＞Zn2+。（3）由机理试验可以得出，Cu2+、Cd2+、Zn2+三种金属离子在高炉渣上吸附的颗粒内扩散过程为主要的控制过程，吸附形式符合单分子层吸附形式，吸附过程是自发的、吸热的、熵增的、物理吸附过程并且是很容易进行的，主要参加的力是氢键力和偶极间作用力。以上结果表明，高炉渣作为一种吸附剂应用于重金属废水处理中，对重金属离子有很好的吸附性能。
[Abstract]:Blast furnace slag is the waste produced in the process of ironmaking, because of the huge production of blast furnace slag and its related treatment cost. It is very necessary to use blast furnace slag as adsorbent in heavy metal wastewater treatment. In this paper, the blast furnace slag is used as adsorbent, the blast furnace slag is washed with deionized water and dried, and then ground by ball mill. At last, sample sieve was used to screen, scanning electron microscope (SEM), specific surface area analyzer (BET), FTIR (FTIR). The Cu2 was characterized by high-resolution single-channel scanning plasma spectrometer and other instruments. The influence factors (blast furnace slag dosage, time, temperature, pH value and solution concentration) on Cu2 were studied. The effect of Cd2 Zn-2 adsorption on the adsorption of Zn2 was studied. The optimum process conditions for the adsorption of Cu2 CD2 + Zn2 were determined by orthogonal test, and the blast furnace slag was used to treat Cu2. The mechanism of adsorption of Cu2 ~ (2 +) ~ (2 +) ~ (2 +) Zn ~ (2 +) by blast furnace slag was studied. The results are as follows: 1) the single factor experimental study on the adsorption of Cu2 ~ (2 +) CD _ (2) O ~ (2 +) Zn _ (2) by blast furnace slag shows that the slag can adsorb Cu2 ~ (2 +) CD _ (2) ~ (2 +) Zn _ (2). The results of orthogonal test show that the main factors affecting the adsorption of Cu2 by blast furnace slag are temperature, oscillation time, adding amount of slag, and pH value. The main factors affecting the adsorption of Cd2 by blast furnace slag are pH value, temperature, adding amount of blast furnace slag, and oscillating time. The main factors affecting the adsorption of Zn2 by blast furnace slag are the pH value of solution, the dosage of blast furnace slag, the temperature and the oscillation time. (2) the adsorption behavior of Cu _ 2 / CD _ 2 ~ (2 +) Zn _ (2) on blast furnace slag is mutually inhibited by competitive adsorption test, and Cu2 ~ (2 +) CD _ (2) is adsorbed by blast furnace slag. The order of adsorption selection of three metal ions in Zn2 is Cu2 > Cd2 > Zn2. (3) from the mechanism test, it can be concluded that the diffusion process of three kinds of metal ions adsorbed on blast furnace slag is the main controlling process. The adsorption process is spontaneous, endothermic, entropy increasing, physical adsorption process is easy and the main force is hydrogen bond force and dipole interaction force, the adsorption form is in line with the monolayer adsorption form, and the adsorption process is spontaneous, endothermic, entropy increasing, and physical adsorption process is easy. The results show that the blast furnace slag as an adsorbent for heavy metal wastewater treatment has good adsorption performance for heavy metal ions.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X757

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