酵母炭基复合微球的制备及其对染料废水的处理

发布时间：2018-01-29 06:25

本文关键词： 酵母复合材料染料废水吸附催化再生 Fe2O3 TiO2　出处：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：有机染料废水由于具有结构复杂、色度深,性质稳定,难生化降解等特性而备受关注。作为吸附剂的多孔炭微球由于具有比表面积大,表面官能团丰富和很好的吸附性能而引起了人们的兴趣。本文以廉价易得、来源广泛的酵母为原料,制备了两种复合材料,为染料废水的处理提供了新型的、环境友好的碳材料。(1)以酵母为原料,通过水热法制备出的酵母空心球由于具有突出的物理和化学特性(密度低、比表面积大、表面官能团丰富)而引起了人们的普遍关注。在此,以FeSO4为铁源,通过煅烧法将纳米Fe_2O_3粒子进一步固定到空心球上,使得酵母空心球功能化。Fe_2O_3@酵母空心球分别通过场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和红外光谱(FT-IR)进行表征。FE-SEM表明Fe_2O_3@酵母空心球具有规则的椭球形结构,大小均一(长2.0±0.2μm,宽1.8±0.2μm),分散性好。XRD谱图表明Fe_2O_3纳米粒子为六角赤铁矿晶型,而空心微球为无定型结构。FT-IR表明空心微球上具有丰富的表面官能团使得其通过化学键作用与Fe_2O_3纳米粒子结合。最后,通过上述表征对复合材料的形成机理进行了推测和分析。(2)上一章通过水热法和煅烧法成功的制备出了Fe_2O_3@酵母空心球复合微球。本章,以碱性紫为目标染料分子,以静态吸附法为研究方法,研究此复合微球的吸附和再生性能。结果表明,在吸附实验中碱性紫的去除率与染料溶液的pH,染料初始浓度,吸附剂投加量,染料溶液温度等参数有关。分别使用Langmuir,Freundlich,Temkin和Dubinin Radushkevich对吸附结果进行拟合,结果表明,Fe_2O_3@酵母空心球对碱性紫的吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附模型说明发生的是单分子层吸附。吸附动力学表明,对碱性紫的吸附过程符合二级动力学模型。粒内扩散模型显示吸附过程分两步进行,且粒内扩散并不是吸附过程的控制步骤。吸附热力学表明吸附是一个自发进行且吸热的过程。更进一步地,Fe_2O_3@酵母空心球可以有效地实现再生循环利用。(3)以酵母炭为载体,通过静电自组装法制备负载型TiO_2@酵母炭复合光催化剂,利用场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和红外光谱(FT-IR)对TiO_2@酵母炭的形貌、组成、尺寸和晶型进行分析和表征,并探讨了影响TiO_2@酵母炭光催化性能的因素。FE-SEM结果表明TiO_2@酵母炭微球具有椭球形状,长(3.6±0.3)μm,宽(2.5±0.5)μm,粒径分布均匀。X射线粉末衍射表明TiO_2粒子为锐钛矿和金红石晶型。对于甲酚红的光催化降解表明,当催化剂的用量为5 g/L,溶液的初始p H=5时光催化效率最高。H2PO4-,NO3-,Cu2+对甲酚红的降解具有抑制作用,而Mg2+存在对于降解无明显影响。
[Abstract]:Organic dye wastewater has attracted much attention because of its complex structure, deep chromaticity, stable properties and difficult biodegradability. As an adsorbent, porous carbon microspheres have a large specific surface area. In this paper, two kinds of composite materials were prepared by using cheap and easily available yeast as raw materials, which provided a new type for the treatment of dye wastewater. Environmental friendly carbon material. 1) yeast hollow spheres prepared by hydrothermal method are made from yeast because of their outstanding physical and chemical properties (low density and large specific surface area). In this paper, FeSO4 as Tie Yuan, Fe_2O_3 nanoparticles were further immobilized onto hollow spheres by calcination method. Make the yeast hollow sphere functionalized. Fes _ 2O _ 3 @ yeast hollow sphere respectively by field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy spectrum analysis (EDS). Characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). FE-SEM shows that Fe2O3 @ yeast hollow spheres have regular ellipsoidal structure. The size is uniform (2.0 卤0.2 渭 m in length and 1.8 卤0.2 渭 m in width). The Fe_2O_3 nanoparticles are hexagonal hematite crystal form. The hollow microspheres are amorphous. FT-IR shows that the hollow microspheres have abundant surface functional groups to bind to Fe_2O_3 nanoparticles through chemical bonding. Finally. The formation mechanism of the composite material was speculated and analyzed. (2) in the previous chapter, Fe _ 2O _ 3 @ yeast hollow ball composite microspheres were successfully prepared by hydrothermal method and calcination method. The adsorption and regeneration properties of the composite microspheres were studied by static adsorption method with alkaline violet as the target dye molecule. The results showed that the removal rate of alkaline violet and the pH of dye solution in the adsorption experiment. The initial concentration of dye, the amount of adsorbent and the temperature of dye solution were related. The Langmuir-Freundlich was used respectively. The adsorption results were fitted by Temkin and Dubinin Radushkevich. The adsorption of basic purple by FeD _ 2O _ 3 @ yeast hollow spheres was in accordance with the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model. The adsorption kinetics showed that the adsorption was monolayer. The adsorption process of alkaline violet was in accordance with the second-order kinetic model. The in-particle diffusion model showed that the adsorption process was carried out in two steps. The adsorption thermodynamics shows that the adsorption is a spontaneous and endothermic process. FeS2O3 @ yeast hollow spheres can be effectively regenerated and recycled using yeast charcoal as the carrier to prepare supported TiO2@ yeast carbon composite photocatalyst by electrostatic self-assembly method. The morphology and composition of TiO2 @ yeast carbon were analyzed by means of field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectrum (FT-IR). The size and crystal form were analyzed and characterized, and the factors affecting the photocatalytic properties of TiO2@ yeast charcoal were discussed. The results of FE-SEM showed that TiO2@ yeast carbon microspheres had ellipsoidal shape. It was 3.6 卤0.3 渭 m in length and 2.5 卤0.5 渭 m in width. X-ray powder diffraction showed that the TiO_2 particles were anatase and rutile crystal form. The photocatalytic degradation of cresol red showed that the amount of catalyst was 5 g / L. The initial pH = 5:00 photocatalytic efficiency of the solution was the highest. The degradation of cresol red was inhibited by H _ 2PO _ 4-no _ 3-O _ 3-Cu _ 2, but the presence of Mg2 had no obvious effect on the degradation.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X788;TQ127.11

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