富营养化条件下太湖梅梁湾藻类初级生产力的光、温影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 13:17

  本文关键词： 浮游植物 光照 水温 营养盐 P-I曲线　出处：《南京信息工程大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：太湖流域在经济与社会发展中具有举足轻重的作用,随着社会的发展水环境问题日益突出,水体浮游藻类的生长覆盖状况日益受到关注,藻类暴发关系到人们的生产生活。本文基于现场实测数据,探究光、温、营养盐等对浮游植物初级生产力的影响规律,并对光、温耦合模型进行参数求解及初级生产力的模拟,探索藻类在暴发机制上的可能性。文章主要从两大部分进行展开：1.通过对初级生产力与光、温、营养盐的相关关系,进行规律探究。分析浮游植物初级生产力及呼吸作用垂向分布特征,进而探究水下光场及水温对浮游植物生长的影响作用,并对初级生产力与三个影响因素相关性进行分析。得到的结论如下：(1)单位叶绿素呼吸作用的值均较小,且其不随水温的垂直分布而呈现出明显规律性变化趋势;(2)水下光场对于混合藻类初级生产力具有明显的影响,由于水体对于光照的衰减作用,太湖梅梁湾口出现光抑制的深度主要分布在水下0.1-0.3m区域；(3)各类营养盐则是植物生长必不可少的营养因素,太湖梅梁湾口当水体营养盐组成中氮、磷元素质量比大于19时,水体产氧率处于相对磷限制;而当氮、磷比小于10,易产生相对氮限制；且太湖梅梁湾夏季主要为氮限制或者氮磷共同限制,而春秋季为磷限制。2.基于实测数据使用耦合光、温、营养盐的初级生产力模型,进行参数计算与模拟评价,分析光、温等联合作用对于浮游植物初级生产力的影响情况,得到关于温、光营养盐等对于初级生产力影响的并且具有生态意义的相关参数,为理解相关生态机制提供依据。结论有：(1)光、温限制为浮游植物初级生产力的主要限制因素,混合藻类生长的最适水温27.5℃,混合藻类的最适光强随水温的升高先缓慢增加后迅速减小,最适水温条件下的最适光照强度为3.4(106J/m2*4h)；(2)富营养化水域中藻类在夏季温、光适宜的时候最易达到最大潜在生产率为0.32m/l*4h(一日中10：00-14：00间4小时内单位叶绿素产氧)。
[Abstract]:Taihu Lake Basin plays an important role in the economic and social development. With the development of the society, the water environment problems become more and more prominent, and the growth and coverage of phytoplankton has been paid more and more attention. Algae outbreaks are related to people's production and life. Based on the field data, the effects of light, temperature and nutrients on the primary productivity of phytoplankton are studied in this paper. The temperature coupling model is used to solve the parameters and simulate the primary productivity to explore the possibility of algae outbreak mechanism. This paper mainly starts from two parts: 1. Through the primary productivity and light temperature. The relationship between nutrients and phytoplankton was studied. The vertical distribution of primary productivity and respiration of phytoplankton was analyzed, and the effect of water temperature and light field on phytoplankton growth was explored. The correlation between primary productivity and three influencing factors was analyzed. The conclusion is as follows: 1) the value of chlorophyll respiration per unit is smaller. And it does not show a trend of regular change with the vertical distribution of water temperature. (2) the underwater light field has a significant effect on the primary productivity of mixed algae because of the attenuation of water to light. The depth of photoinhibition at the mouth of Meiliang Bay of Taihu Lake is mainly distributed in the area of 0.1-0.3 m underwater. 3) all kinds of nutrients are essential nutrient factors for plant growth. The ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus in the nutrient composition of Meiliang Bay estuary of Taihu Lake is more than 19:00, and the oxygen production rate of water is limited by relative phosphorus. When the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus is less than 10, the relative nitrogen limit is easy to be produced. And Meiliang Bay in Taihu Lake in summer is mainly nitrogen or nitrogen and phosphorus constraints, while in spring and autumn is phosphorus limitation. 2. Based on the measured data using coupling light, temperature, nutrients and primary productivity model. The parameters were calculated and simulated to analyze the effect of light and temperature on the primary productivity of phytoplankton. Light nutrient and other related parameters which have ecological significance on primary productivity provide the basis for understanding the relevant ecological mechanism. Conclusion: 1) Light. Temperature limitation was the main limiting factor of primary productivity of phytoplankton. The optimum water temperature of mixed algae was 27.5 鈩，

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