武汉市水陆风场与大气灰霾的关联性研究

发布时间：2018-02-13 16:46

本文关键词： 水陆风灰霾 PM10 PM2.5 武汉　出处：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：细粒子气溶胶污染引起的灰霾已成为备受关注的环境问题。武汉市水域面积居全国之首,全年高湿度,灰霾发生率高。基于污染气象学理论,本文利用武汉市19个空气质量自动监测站的典型气象数据和空气污染物数据,户外气象参数监测数据与理论研究相结合的方法,研究水陆风与灰霾的的关联性,主要研究结果如下:1、武汉市空气污染严重,PM2.5的污染比PM10污染更为严重。污染物浓度的季节变化为,冬季秋季春季夏季,呈现出中部城区浓度高、气温高、湿度低,南北远城区浓度低、气温低、湿度大的分布特征。2、武汉市夏季水陆风的发生频率高于冬季,夏季江(湖)风开始时间在07-08时,冬季相对偏迟,在08-09时;夏季陆风开始于傍晚19-20时,冬季陆风开始于傍晚17时。研究还发现:当吹江风和湖风时,相对湿度低于吹陆风时的相对湿度,平均风速高出陆风2倍以上。3、武汉市存在独特的局地风场,吹江风和湖风时,在长江和东湖间的青山区、洪山区和武昌区易形成一条辐合带,使污染物浓度出现小幅度增大,灰霾加重,但地面摩擦大,风速都较小,所以对灰霾的影响较小。长江西岸附近地区受江风影响,污染物西移,污染物浓度呈现出小幅度减小。较远地区不受江陆风影响,水平扩散能力较弱,污染物浓度居高不下。湿度的增大是导致灰霾发生或加重的重要因素。
[Abstract]:Haze caused by fine particle aerosol pollution has become a major environmental concern. Wuhan has the largest water area in China, with high humidity and high haze incidence throughout the year. Based on the typical meteorological data and air pollutant data from 19 automatic air quality monitoring stations in Wuhan, and the method of combining outdoor meteorological parameter monitoring data with theoretical research, this paper studies the correlation between land and water winds and haze. The main results are as follows: at 1: 1, the pollution of PM2.5 in Wuhan is more serious than that of PM10. The seasonal variation of pollutant concentration is: winter, autumn, spring and summer, showing high concentration, high temperature and low humidity in the central urban area. The distribution characteristics of low concentration, low temperature and high humidity in far north and south urban area. 2. The occurrence frequency of summer monsoon in Wuhan is higher than that in winter. The onset time of river (lake) wind in summer is 07-08, and the winter is relatively late at 08-09; The summer monsoon begins at 19-20 pm and the winter wind begins at 17:00 in the evening. The study also found that the relative humidity is lower than that of the continental wind when the river and lake winds are blowing. The average wind speed is more than 2 times higher than the land wind. There is a unique local wind field in Wuhan. When the wind is blowing on rivers and lakes, it is easy to form a convergence zone in the Qingshan area between the Yangtze River and the East Lake, the Hongshan area and the Wuchang area, resulting in a small increase in the concentration of pollutants. The haze is aggravated, but the ground friction is high and the wind speed is small, so the influence on the haze is relatively small. The area near the west bank of the Yangtze River is affected by the river wind, the pollutants move westward, and the pollutant concentration decreases slightly. The farther areas are not affected by the river and land winds. The horizontal diffusion ability is weak, the pollutant concentration is high, and the increase of humidity is an important factor leading to haze occurrence or aggravation.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X51

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