微波辅助处理聚驱含油废水的实验研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 00:59

本文关键词： 油田含聚废水废水处理微波絮凝硫酸铁　出处：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：油田进入开采后期,大规模采用聚驱采油技术,油田废水组分发生变化,使得油田含聚废水含聚污水黏度增大,混凝工艺处理难度加大。本文以大庆油田含聚废水为研究对象,采用微波-絮凝法作为处理工艺,以PAM为主要目标物,旨在考察该工艺用于处理油田含聚废水的可行性,探讨合理的微波-絮凝工艺控制参数,并分析微波协同铁离子絮凝去除PAM的机理,为工业化应用提供技术参考与理论依据。1.通过实验分析了金属阳离子、温度、pH值、微波照射时间对聚丙烯酰胺水溶液动力黏度的影响,并进一步研究了金属阳离子协同微波对聚丙烯酰胺水溶液降黏效果的影响。结果表明:pH值对PAM溶液的降黏效果影响最大;微波协同金属阳离子的降黏效果优于金属阳离子,并且微波协同铁离子的处理效果优于铝离子。2.通过实验证明了微波协同絮凝剂除聚效果优于絮凝剂单独处理效果,且在微波场中,Fe2(SO4)3的除聚效果最佳;正交实验结果表明:最主要的影响因子是絮凝剂的投加量,其次是微波照射时间,最后是微波功率。同时,实验结果表明:将微波技术与絮凝工艺组合,去除含聚废水中的PAM是可行的;铁盐对于微波具有良好的吸收作用,在微波处理含聚废水的工艺中,可首选铁盐作为絮凝剂。3.微波-絮凝处理油田含聚废水的实验结果表明:微波对于PAM、TOC的去除起到了一定的增强作用;微波增强絮凝作用,处理后水样的浊度值低于无微波辅助处理水样。pH值调节至5、微波功率400W、照射时间90s、絮凝剂投加量320mg·L-1为最佳工况条件,在此条件下,PAM的去除率达到98.17%,TOC下降到11.59mg·L-1,浊度值下降到24.60NTU,石油类物质含量降低到0mg·L-1,COD下降到69.41mg·L-1,石油类与COD的指标均符合《污水综合排放标准》的一类要求。H+与絮凝剂的协同作用使得含聚废水的zeta电位值处在胶体快速凝聚的区间范围之内;微波辐照含聚废水使得溶液的温度升高,颗粒布朗运动加剧。因此微波在反应体系内其主要的作用是热效应。
[Abstract]:In the late stage of oilfield production, the polymer flooding and oil recovery technology was adopted on a large scale, and the composition of oilfield wastewater changed, which made the viscosity of polymerized wastewater increase and the treatment difficulty of coagulation process increased. This paper takes the polymer wastewater of Daqing Oilfield as the research object. The microwave flocculation process was used as the treatment process, and PAM was used as the main target material. The feasibility of the process was investigated and the reasonable control parameters of the microwave flocculation process were discussed. The mechanism of removal of PAM by microwave assisted ferric ion flocculation is analyzed, which provides a technical reference and theoretical basis for industrial application. 1. The metal cations, temperature and pH value are analyzed experimentally. The effect of microwave irradiation time on the dynamic viscosity of polyacrylamide aqueous solution was studied. The effect of metal cations combined with microwave on viscosity reduction of polyacrylamide aqueous solution was further studied. The viscosity reduction effect of microwave synergistic metal cations is better than that of metal cations, and the effect of microwave synergistic iron ion treatment is better than that of aluminum ion. The experiment proves that microwave synergistic flocculant depolymerization is better than that of flocculant alone. The results of orthogonal experiment show that the most important factor is the dosage of flocculant, the second is microwave irradiation time, and the last is microwave power. The experimental results show that it is feasible to combine microwave technology with flocculation process to remove PAM from polymerized wastewater, iron salt has good absorption to microwave, and in the process of microwave treatment of polymerized wastewater, The experimental results show that microwave can enhance the removal of PAMU TOC, and microwave can enhance flocculation. The turbidity value of the treated water sample is lower than that of the water without microwave auxiliary treatment. The optimum operating conditions are adjusted to 5, microwave power 400 W, irradiation time 90 s, flocculant dosage 320 mg 路L -1. Under this condition, the removal rate of PAM reached 98.17%. TOC decreased to 11.59 mg 路L -1, turbidity decreased to 24.60 NTU, petroleum content decreased to 0 mg 路L -1 and COD decreased to 69.41 mg 路L -1. The indexes of petroleum and COD met the first class requirement of Comprehensive sewage discharge Standard. H and flocculant. The zeta potential of polymeric wastewater is within the range of colloidal rapid condensation. Microwave irradiation of polymerized wastewater can increase the temperature of the solution and aggravate the Brownian motion of particles, so the main function of microwave in the reaction system is the thermal effect.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X741

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