基于新型生物填料的印染废水处理工艺研究

发布时间：2018-02-20 15:48

本文关键词： 玄武岩纤维填料印染废水生物接触氧化铁碳微电解　出处：《江苏大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着严格的环保政策以及针对性排放标准的实施,印染行业面临的环保压力加剧,急需高效稳定的废水处理工艺保障印染行业的可持续发展。本研究以绿色环保高性能玄武岩纤维为基材,开发新型生物填料,包括填料的结构形式和制备工艺方法,并试验研究了新型生物填料的基础性能；基于该新型生物填料构建生物接触氧化工艺,试验研究了相关工艺参数对印染废水降解效果；根据实际印染废水处理排放指标要求,建立了微电解—接触氧化组合工艺,试验研究了组合工艺对印染废水的降解效果。研究结论如下：(1)将活化处理后的玄武岩纤维丝通过手工扭动夹入对折的两股单芯电缆线中心绳子的中间,通过扭转电缆线的力度将玄武岩纤维束固定成螺旋式的结构形式,通过裁剪、绑缚固定在填料支架上,形成固定填料床,便于形成可提式体化的填料。基于该纤维填料构建接触氧化工艺,对印染废水进行了试验。在该试验中,考察了螺旋式玄武岩纤维填料的挂膜速度以及在低水温条件下水力停留时间和进水pH对印染废水中色度、COD去除率的影响。在HRT=34h, COD去除率未超过70%；HRT=39 h, COD去除率可稳定在85%以上；系统的最佳pH适应范围是7-7.5,此时,COD的去除率最高可达89.5%；基于螺旋式玄武岩纤维填料的接触氧化工艺对印染废水中的色度去除效果比较差,色度去除率始终未超过50%。(2)将活化处理后的玄武岩纤维束制作成玄武岩纤维束组片,间隔布置在中心钢丝绳索上,制作成具有层叠式结构的玄武岩纤维挂膜填料。在氧传质试验中考察了曝气量和填料填充比对其的影响,结果表明：受填料填充比的影响是：弹性填料玄武岩纤维填料组合填料；含玄武岩纤维填料的接触氧化池,与无填料相比,氧传质系数最大增加了137%,仅次于弹性填料的150%,优于组合填料的122%,氧传质效率较高。层叠式玄武岩纤维填料挂膜启动速度快；挂膜量高,成膜重量在90～150 kg/m3;生物相比较丰富。(3)针对印染废水水质特点,构建了基于层叠式玄武岩纤维填料的接触氧化工艺为核心处理单元、铁碳微电解为预处理的组合工艺,并对各个处理单元的运行工艺参数进行了研究。结果表明：铁碳微电解的最佳运行工艺参数为微氧曝气、进水pH为4.5,反应时间为1 h;而接触氧化工艺的最佳运行参数为水利停留时间为12 h,进水pH为7.5,DO为2-3 mg/L。(4)在最佳单元工艺参数的条件下,进行了铁碳微电解—层叠式玄武岩纤维接触氧化工艺的动态运行。运行结果表示：各处理单元对印染废水的COD、色度、氨氮等指标的去除率稳定,组合工艺出水符合《纺织染整工业水污染排放标准(GB4287-2012)》表1中污染物的排放限值要求。总之,基于新型生物填料的微电解—接触氧化组合工艺对实际印染废水的处理效率不仅高而且稳定,同时,在处理印染废水方面具有积极的推广意义。
[Abstract]:With the implementation of strict environmental protection policies and targeted emission standards, the pressure on the printing and dyeing industry to protect the environment has intensified. It is urgent to ensure the sustainable development of printing and dyeing industry by efficient and stable wastewater treatment process. In this study, a new type of biological filler, including its structure and preparation process, was developed based on green environmental protection and high performance basalt fiber. The basic properties of the new biofilm were studied, the biological contact oxidation process based on the new biofilm was constructed, the degradation effect of the related process parameters to the printing and dyeing wastewater was studied, and according to the actual discharge requirements of printing and dyeing wastewater treatment, The combined process of micro-electrolysis and contact oxidation was established. The effect of the combined process on the degradation of printing and dyeing wastewater was studied. The conclusions are as follows: 1) the activated basalt fiber wire is twisted manually into the middle of the central rope of the twisting single core cable. The basalt fiber bundle is fixed into a spiral structure by twisting the power of the cable, and the fixed packed bed is formed by cutting and binding to the packing support. It is convenient to form removable bulk packing. Based on the contact oxidation process of the fiber filler, the printing and dyeing wastewater is tested. The effects of the membrane forming rate of helical basalt fiber filler, hydraulic retention time and influent pH at low water temperature on the removal rate of chromaticity COD in printing and dyeing wastewater were investigated. The removal rate of COD was less than 70% and the removal rate of COD was more than 85% at 34h. The optimum pH range of the system is 7-7.5, and the removal rate of COD can reach 89.5.The contact oxidation process based on helical basalt fiber filler has a poor effect on color removal in printing and dyeing wastewater. The chromaticity removal rate is not more than 50%. (2) the activated basalt fiber bundle is made into a basalt fiber bundle set, which is arranged at intervals on the central wire rope. The effect of aeration rate and filling ratio on basalt fiber film packing with stacked structure was investigated in the oxygen mass transfer test. The results show that the effect of packing ratio is as follows: elastic packing basalt fiber packing combination filler, contact oxidation tank containing basalt fiber filler, compared with no packing, The oxygen mass transfer coefficient increased by 137%, second only to the elastic packing (150%), which is better than the composite packing (122%), and the oxygen mass transfer efficiency is higher. According to the water quality characteristics of printing and dyeing wastewater, the contact oxidation process based on stacked basalt fiber filler was established as the core treatment unit, and the iron and carbon microelectrolysis was used as the pretreatment process. The operation parameters of each treatment unit are studied. The results show that the optimum operation parameters of iron-carbon microelectrolysis are micro-oxygen aeration. The optimum operating parameters of contact oxidation process are water conservancy residence time (12 h) and influent pH value (7.5 mg / L 路L ~ (4))) under the optimum conditions of unit process parameters, the pH of influent is 4.5, the reaction time is 1 h, and the optimum operating parameters of contact oxidation process are as follows: water conservancy residence time is 12 hours, influent pH value is 7.5? The dynamic operation of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis and cascaded basalt fiber contact oxidation process was carried out. The results showed that the removal rate of COD, chromaticity and ammonia nitrogen of printing and dyeing wastewater by each treatment unit was stable. The effluent from the combined process meets the emission limit requirements of pollutants in Table 1 of the Water pollution discharge Standard for Textile dyeing and finishing Industry GB4287-2012. The combination process of micro-electrolysis and contact oxidation based on new biological filler is not only high and stable in the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater, but also has a positive promotion significance in the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X791

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