多污染源共同作用对工业建筑室内污染物浓度分布的影响

发布时间：2018-03-04 20:43

本文选题：多污染源　切入点：浓度分布　出处：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国工业水平的快速提高,在工业生产过程中伴随着大量的污染物正日益危害着我们的生活,环境污染是当今21世纪亟需解决的问题。工业生产的过程中生成的污染物不但危害着人们的健康,同时也严重影响了企业的产品质量。因此,研究污染气体的分布规律将为改善工业室内空气品质奠定一定的基础。国内外对室内环境影响的研究多集中于不同送风气流对室内污染物浓度分布的影响,而很少对污染源在室内的散发特性进行研究,同时大多数对于污染源散发的研究多针对于民用建筑室内的均匀排放,而对于现有的局部污染源对室内污染物分布的影响研究多局限于单一污染源,而没有研究多污染源共同作用下对室内污染物浓度分布的情况。因此,本文针对室内存在多污染源情况下,研究了多污染源共同作用下对室内污染物浓度分布的影响。本课题通过实验观察双污染源在室内的散发情况,来研究双污染源散发特性,分析并总结出污染物在室内的分布特性和随时间的变化规律,得出污染源正上方两点的浓度明显高于污染源周围其他各点,由此可以看出污染源正上方水平方向上呈双峰现象;同时分析得出六个测点浓度均随时间的增加而增大,并且双污染源同时散发出现的双峰现象随时间推进一直存在且更为显著,这为后续的模拟提供有力的科学依据。进而由此采用计算流体力学方法,对单污染源单独散发和双污染源共同作用的情况进行了数值模拟,分析和比较了单污染源单独散发时污染物浓度场的数值叠加值和双污染源共同作用下的污染物浓度场间的差异,定义并运用了叠加差的概念,分析和比较了室内污染气体的浓度分布,得出浓度最大值在1.7m并得出单污染源单独散发浓度场的数值叠加值整体要高于双污染源共同作用值,但是在源项上方时双污染源共同作用值要高于单污染源的数值叠加值,所以研究多污染源散发时不能将单污染源进行简单的叠加;并通过改变源项污染物浓度,总结源项浓度对叠加差值的影响。最后通过改变污染源数量,污染源源项浓度,污染源相对距离和污染源高度,分析并比较了这些因素对室内污染物浓度分布的影响。总结得出当总散发强度相同的情况下,将单一污染源拆分成多个污染源时,室内污染物浓度将会增大,而此时仍按照原来风量计算,势必会造成结果的偏差,不能满足室内环境的要求;研究得出随着源项浓度增大,室内污染物浓度也随之增大,并得出源项浓度是本文所研究的四种因素中影响室内污染物分布最主要的因素,因此在控制并解决室内污染问题上,应首要考虑减少污染源源项的排放强度;污染源分布越分散,室内污染物浓度越大,并且出现浓度最大值的位置将会降低,这就会造成人们更加容易暴露在高污染浓度的环境中;污染源排放的高度越高,地面附近污染源浓度分布越低,因此在设计和规划污染源高度时,可以在工艺允许的范围内,合理地增加污染源的高度以降低近地面的污染物浓度分布,并在一定范围内减少局部地区的污染物浓度。
[Abstract]:With the rapid increase of China's industrial level, in the process of industrial production with a large amount of pollutants is more harmful to our life, environmental pollution is the twenty-first Century urgent problem. In the process of industrial production generated pollutants not only harm people's health, but also seriously affect the quality of enterprise products. Therefore, distribution of gas pollutants will lay a solid foundation for the improvement of indoor air quality industry. Research on the influence to the indoor environment at home and abroad focus on different air flow effects on indoor pollutant concentration distribution, and few studies of pollution sources in the interior of the emission characteristics, at the same time for the most uniform emission source emitting research multi needle for civil buildings, and for the existing local pollution sources of indoor pollutant distribution is limited to single pollution The source, without the interaction of multiple pollution sources on indoor pollutant distribution. Therefore, according to the existing indoor pollution sources situation, studies the interaction of multiple pollution sources on indoor pollutant distribution. The influence of this topic through the experimental observation of two pollution sources distributed in the indoor environment, to study two sources of pollution emission characteristics, analyzed and summed up the changes of pollutants in the indoor distribution characteristics and time, makes two concentration just above the source of pollution is obviously higher than that of other points around the pollution source, it can be seen that the pollution source is at the top of the horizontal direction is also the phenomenon of Shuangfeng; analysis of six measurement points with concentration time increases, and the double pollution source while distributing Shuangfeng phenomenon appeared with the advance of time and there has been more significant, which is the follow-up simulation provides a strong scientific basis. Then using the CFD method, the interaction of the single source of pollution emission and pollution source of two separate cases were simulated, analyzed and compared with single pollution source alone interaction numerical superposition of pollutant concentration field values and two pollution sources under the pollutant concentration difference, and uses the concept definition the superposition of difference, analysis and comparison of the indoor air pollution concentration distribution, the maximum concentration in the 1.7m and the single pollution source emission concentration field superposition separate numerical value integral to interaction is higher than that of double sources of value, but is in the source above the common double pollution source value is higher than that of single pollution source superposition the value, so many pollution source emission can not be a single pollution source for simple superposition; and by changing the source of pollutant concentration, summarizes the source concentration on the difference. After the superposition Changing the number of pollution sources, pollution source pollution source concentration, relative distance and pollution sources, analyze and compare the effects of these factors on the concentration distribution of indoor pollutants. Concluded that when the total with the same intensity, the single pollution source is split into multiple pollution sources, indoor pollutant concentration will increase, and this is still in accordance with the original calculation, it will cause the deviation, can not meet the requirements of indoor environment; with the source of the increase of the concentration of indoor pollutant concentration increases, and the source of indoor pollutant concentration is the main factor affecting the distribution of the four factors in this research, so in control and solve the problem of indoor air pollution, we should first consider reducing pollution emissions intensity source; pollution source distribution is more dispersed, the greater the indoor pollutant concentration, and concentration of the maximum value of the bit Set will be reduced, this will cause people more likely to be exposed to high concentration of pollution in the environment; pollution source emission height near the ground pollution concentration distribution is low, so in the design and planning of pollution source height, can be within the allowable range of process, a reasonable increase in pollution so as to reduce the height of pollutants the concentration distribution near the ground, and to reduce the pollutant concentration of the local area in a certain range.

【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X51

【参考文献】