连续流动分析仪在水质检测中的应用

发布时间：2018-03-07 04:04

本文选题：连续流动分析仪　切入点：氰化物　出处：《辽宁师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水质监测是疾病预防控制机构的基本职责和工作任务之一,市级疾控中心每年承担上千份生活饮用水和游泳池水的检测工作。在实际工作中发现,生活饮用水中氰化物、挥发酚、阴离子洗涤剂以及游泳池水中尿素的现行国标方法均采用传统手工操作。这些方法存在前处理繁琐、检测效率低、分析周期长、试剂毒性强等缺点,无法满足批量样品检测的需求。发生突发事件时,不能快速提供检测结果,影响工作的顺利完成。因此在实际工作中建立生活饮用水中氰化物、挥发酚、阴离子洗涤剂和游泳池水中尿素的简便、高效的测定方法非常必要。本文采用连续流动分析仪测定生活饮用水中氰化物、挥发酚、阴离子洗涤剂和游泳池水中尿素,并进行方法优化,结果如下:1.优化了连续流动分析仪同时测定生活饮用水中氰化物、挥发酚和阴离子洗涤剂的方法,对方法性能进行评价并应用于实际样品检测。在最佳实验条件下,氰化物、挥发酚和阴离子洗涤剂分别在0-0.20 mg/L、0-0.020 mg/L和0-1.0 mg/L浓度范围内呈良好线性关系,检出限分别为0.004 mg/L、0.0004 mg/L和0.0094mg/L。该方法样品使用量仅为传统方法的1%;最低检测质量低于传统方法约250倍;试剂使用量在传统方法的基础上减少80%;强致癌试剂氯仿的使用量大幅减少;且化学反应过程处于封闭系统中,减少对外界环境的污染,高度保障了实验人员的人身安全;完成单一样品的时间由原来的几十分钟缩减至几分钟,对于大批量样品检测的优势更加明显。2.优化了连续流动分析仪测定游泳池水中尿素的方法,对方法性能进行评价并将其应用于游泳池水的检测。在最佳实验条件下,尿素在0-1.50 mg/L浓度范围内呈现二次方程关系,相关系数r为0.9992,检出限为17.8μg/L。该方法样品使用量为传统方法的20%;最低检测质量低于传统方法的10倍;试剂使用量在传统方法的基础上减少60%;完成单一样品的时间由原来的几十分钟缩减至几分钟;在线处理集成化、自动化,省去了水浴加热等繁琐的操作步骤,且实验过程处于封闭系统中,减少对外界环境的污染,分析速率高,尤其适于应对季节性大批量样品的监测。综上所述,本论文优化了连续流动分析仪同时测定生活饮用水中氰化物、挥发酚和阴离子洗涤剂及游泳池水中尿素的方法,并对方法性能进行评价。为公众生活饮用水及游泳池水安全提供有力保障,同时,方法的推广为水质检测提供了新的途径,并可将连续流动分析技术拓展至其他检测项目及更多领域。
[Abstract]:Monitoring of water quality is the basic duty and work of the disease prevention and control organization Ren Wuzhi. The municipal CDC undertakes the detection of thousands of drinking water and swimming pool water every year. In practical work, cyanide is found in drinking water. The existing national standard methods of volatile phenol, anionic detergents and urea in swimming pool water are all operated by traditional manual operation. These methods have the disadvantages of complicated pretreatment, low detection efficiency, long analytical period, strong toxicity of reagent, etc. Can not meet the needs of batch sample detection. In the event of an emergency, can not quickly provide the test results, affect the smooth completion of the work. Therefore, in the actual work in the establishment of domestic drinking water cyanide, volatile phenols, A simple and efficient method for the determination of urea in swimming pool water and anionic detergents is necessary. In this paper, cyanide, volatile phenol, anionic detergents and urea in swimming pool water are determined by continuous flow analyzer. The results are as follows: 1. The method of simultaneous determination of cyanide, volatile phenol and anionic detergent in drinking water by continuous flow analyzer has been optimized. The performance of the method was evaluated and applied to practical sample detection. Under the optimum experimental conditions, cyanide, volatile phenol and anionic detergents showed a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 0-0.20 mg / L ~ (-1) -0.020 mg/L and 0 ~ 1.0 mg/L, respectively, in the range of 0-0.20 mg / L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1). The detection limit is 0.004 mg / L 0.0004 mg/L and 0.0094 mg / L respectively. The sample usage of this method is only 1% of that of the traditional method, the lowest detection quality is about 250 times lower than that of the traditional method, the use of reagent is reduced by 80% on the basis of the traditional method, and the use of chloroform, a strong carcinogen, is greatly reduced. In addition, the chemical reaction process is in a closed system, which reduces the pollution to the outside environment and highly ensures the personal safety of the experimenter. The time to complete a single sample is reduced from the original dozens of minutes to a few minutes. 2. The method of continuous flow analyzer for determination of urea in swimming pool water is optimized, and the performance of the method is evaluated and applied to the detection of swimming pool water. Urea showed quadratic equation in the range of 0-1.50 mg/L concentration, the correlation coefficient was 0.9992, the detection limit was 17.8 渭 g / L. The sample usage of this method was 20 times of that of the traditional method, and the lowest detection quality was 10 times lower than that of the traditional method. The amount of reagent used is reduced by 60 percent on the basis of the traditional method; the time of completing a single sample is reduced from the original dozens of minutes to a few minutes; the on-line processing is integrated and automated, thus eliminating the tedious operation steps such as water bath heating, etc. The experimental process is in a closed system, which reduces the pollution to the environment, and the analysis rate is high, which is especially suitable for the monitoring of seasonal mass samples. In this paper, the method of simultaneous determination of cyanide, volatile phenol and anionic detergent in drinking water by continuous flow analyzer and urea in swimming pool water was optimized. Evaluation of the performance of the method provides a strong guarantee for the safety of drinking water and swimming pool water in public life. At the same time, the popularization of the method provides a new way for the detection of water quality. And the continuous flow analysis technology can be extended to other detection items and more fields.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：O657;X832

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