煤矿开采沉陷地裂缝对植被覆盖的影响

发布时间：2018-03-07 19:20

  本文选题：煤炭开采　切入点：地裂缝　出处：《生态与农村环境学报》2016年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：浅埋煤层开采引起地表出现大量地裂缝,部分地裂缝自我修复后闭合程度较好,但大部分地裂缝难以闭合而发展成为永久裂缝。在进行生态重建工作时,地裂缝及其周边植被状况关系到矿区生态重建的效果。以大柳塔矿区2003、2004和2005年开采的工作面为例,利用现场勘测和内业统计分析方法,首先结合井下开采布置图对地裂缝的空间分布进行分析,然后利用Arc GIS 10.0软件提取地裂缝及其周边植被信息,统计分析地裂缝周边植被指数均值变化情况。研究发现,地裂缝主要分布在开切眼、停采线、工作面相邻处以及巷道交叉处,且地裂缝数随地形起伏增大而增多;通过对192条地裂缝的统计回归分析发现,距地裂缝2 m范围内的植被与地裂缝显著相关(R2≥0.96,P0.05),而2 m范围的植被与地裂缝相关性未达显著水平(P0.05),表明受到其他因子的影响较大;随机选取7条地裂缝,分析距地裂缝不同距离处植被指数均值变化情况,发现地裂缝对距其4 m范围内植被有影响。
[Abstract]:A large number of ground cracks appear in shallow coal seam mining, some of which are closed after self-repair, but most of them are difficult to close and develop into permanent cracks. The situation of ground fissure and its surrounding vegetation is related to the effect of ecological reconstruction in mining area. Taking the mining face of Daliuta Mining area in 2003,2004 and 2005 as an example, the methods of field survey and statistical analysis of internal industry are used. The spatial distribution of ground fissures is analyzed with underground mining layout, and then the information of ground fissures and their surrounding vegetation is extracted by Arc GIS 10.0 software, and the change of mean value of vegetation index around ground fissures is analyzed statistically. The ground fissures are mainly distributed in the open and cut holes, stoppage lines, adjacent working face and roadway intersections, and the number of ground cracks increases with the increase of topographic undulation, which is found by statistical regression analysis of 192 ground fissures. There is significant correlation between vegetation and ground fissures in the range of 2 m from ground fissures (R ~ 2 鈮，

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