云南省小城镇污水处理存在问题及对策研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 19:47

本文选题：云南省　切入点：小城镇　出处：《昆明理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：小城镇处于由农村向城市演变的中间状态,是我国农村改革和城市化进程的重要基地,在我国城镇化发展过程中具有重要地位。污水处理作为市政基础设施建设的关键环节,已在我国城市实现全部覆盖,工艺、技术、市场化进程也已相对完善。但由于未得到足够的重视,资金的缺乏,未形成有针对性的建设标准以及市场化发展滞后等原因,小城镇污水处理设施建设发展仍相对缓慢。落后的污水处理设施建设现状不仅影响着小城镇人居环境的提升,还严重制约着城镇化的发展。云南省正处于桥头堡建设阶段,城镇化建设的步伐日益加快,小城镇建设尤其是污水处理设施建设得到了足够的重视。随着《云南省人民政府关于开展城乡人居环境提升行动的意见》(云政发(20]3)102号)和《云南省建制镇供水、污水和生活垃圾处理设施建设项目专项规划(2013-2017年)》的出台,云南省小城镇污水处理设施建设水平有望在今后的五年得到显著地提升。本研究依托于云南省住房和城乡建设厅村镇建设处,通过开展大量针对云南省小城镇污水处理设施建设,发展的实地调研,收集掌握了云南省建制镇的基本情况以及小城镇污水处理设施的建设、投资、运营状况。并在此基础上,分析了云南省小城镇污水处理设施建设发展在建设标准、资金来源和行政管理等方面存在的主要问题,提出相应的对策及措施。在建设标准方面,现阶段对排水体制的要求相对单一,没能做到与实际结合,排放标准要求较高,多数小城镇无力承担,工艺的选择也只针对小城镇污水处理的水质水量特征进行选择,缺乏对小城镇经济技术发展水平的考虑。因此针对小城镇污水处理设施建设应结合实际,认真分析技术、经济和发展等多因素作相应调整。在资金来源方面,小城镇污水处理设施建设资金主要来源于各级政府补助,中央资金仍是主要力量。由于经济环境限制,市场化发展滞后。小城镇污水处理设施的发展不应脱离实际,还应坚持以政府为主导的投资模式,积极争取各级政府的补助资金。同时,应丰富投融资模式,不能在没有经济条件的基础上一味要求市场化,而应转变思路,实施区域市场化。在行政管理方面,各级政府领导应加强对污水处理设施建设的重视,对多部门治水的现状进行改革,简化‘行政审批程序
[Abstract]:Small towns are in the middle of the transition from rural areas to cities, which is an important base in the process of rural reform and urbanization in China, and plays an important role in the development of urbanization in China. Sewage treatment is a key link in the construction of municipal infrastructure. The process of full coverage, technology, technology and marketization has been relatively perfect in Chinese cities. However, due to insufficient attention, lack of funds, lack of targeted construction standards, and the lagging of market-oriented development, and so on, The construction of sewage treatment facilities in small towns is still relatively slow. The backward construction of sewage treatment facilities not only affects the upgrading of human settlements in small towns, but also seriously restricts the development of urbanization. The pace of urbanization is accelerating day by day. The construction of small towns, especially the construction of sewage treatment facilities, has received sufficient attention. With the "opinions of the Yunnan Provincial people's Government on the Promotion of the Urban and Rural Human Settlements Environment" (Yunzhengfa 20) 102) and "Water supply in Yunnan Province Building towns", The introduction of the special plan for the construction of sewage and domestic waste treatment facilities (2013-2017). The construction level of sewage treatment facilities in small towns of Yunnan Province is expected to be significantly improved in the next five years. This study is based on the Rural and Town Construction Office of the Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Department of Yunnan Province. By carrying out a large number of field investigations aimed at the construction and development of sewage treatment facilities in small towns in Yunnan Province, this paper collects and grasps the basic situation of the built towns in Yunnan Province, and the construction, investment and operation of sewage treatment facilities in small towns in Yunnan Province, and on this basis, This paper analyzes on the main problems existing in the construction standards, capital sources and administrative management of the construction and development of sewage treatment facilities in small towns of Yunnan Province, and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and measures. At the present stage, the requirement of drainage system is relatively single, which can not be combined with practice, the discharge standard is higher, most small towns can not afford it, and the selection of technology is only aimed at the characteristics of water quality and quantity of sewage treatment in small towns. Lack of consideration to the level of economic and technological development of small towns. Therefore, in view of the construction of sewage treatment facilities in small towns, we should carefully analyze the technical, economic and development factors and make corresponding adjustments in light of the actual situation. The funds for the construction of sewage treatment facilities in small towns mainly come from government subsidies at all levels, and the central government funds are still the main force. Due to the restrictions of economic environment, the market development lags behind. The development of sewage treatment facilities in small towns should not be divorced from reality. We should also adhere to the government-led investment model and actively strive for subsidized funds from governments at all levels. At the same time, we should enrich the investment and financing models and should not blindly demand marketization on the basis of no economic conditions, but should change our thinking. Implementing regional marketization. In administration and management, government leaders at all levels should pay more attention to the construction of sewage treatment facilities, reform the current situation of multi-sector water management, and simplify the administrative examination and approval procedures.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703

【参考文献】