海面石油与润滑油鉴别技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 20:12

本文选题：光谱学　切入点：鉴别油品种类　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着人类对于石油及其衍生物的需求日趋加大,油类物质在运输以及开采的过程中会因为众多原因而造成大量的泄漏。海洋溢油污染近年来已经越来越严重,造成了巨大的生态灾难。各个国家在海洋溢油污染的防治中都做出了巨大的努力。其中,快速鉴别海洋溢油污染的种类对于有效清除油污、减少经济损失以及后期的责任认定提供了巨大的帮助。本文运用激光诱导荧光探测技术,提出了一种可用于海面鉴别石油与润滑油的方法,具有很好的应用价值。本论文主要完成了以下几个方面的研究工作:(1)本文介绍了海洋溢油的主要危害以及快速鉴别海洋油污种类的重要意义。详细分析并综述了近年国内外在海洋溢油污染防治中所使用的方法、所取得的积极进展以及发展趋势。(2)本文以荧光光谱分析法为主要研究方法,深入分析了荧光产生的机理以及荧光与分子结构、物质种类之间的关系。芳香族化合物通常具有能够产生强荧光的特性,从而证明了运用荧光光谱分析法进行油品种类鉴别是可行的。(3)本文详细介绍了激光诱导荧光光谱技术的优点,并详细深入分析了石油与润滑油的特性。提出了一种可用于舰载鉴别石油与润滑油的鉴别系统。利用532nm激光作为激发光源,得到了石油与润滑油在45°和60°以及不同厚度的的情况下的后向散射荧光光谱。(4)本文提出一种利用后向散射荧光光谱,识别石油和润滑油的方法。通过对光谱图像的分析,发现主激光散射强度和荧光强度的比例与油品的种类和角度的不同有明显的依赖关系。为了强化油品种类特征,分别将45°和60°照射的光谱数据融合在一个二维谱图中,并根据应用需求确定出判别区域。实验验证结果显示,这种方法用于鉴别润滑油和石油,正确鉴别的概率高达92%,是一种具有很好应用价值的鉴别方法。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for oil and its derivatives, oil substances in the transportation and exploitation process will cause a large number of leakage, marine oil spill pollution in recent years has become more and more serious. Has caused a huge ecological disaster. Every country has made great efforts in the prevention and control of marine oil spill pollution. Among them, rapid identification of the types of marine oil spill pollution is effective in removing oil pollution. The reduction of economic losses and the determination of late liability provide great help. In this paper, a method for identifying oil and lubricating oil on the sea surface is proposed by using laser induced fluorescence detection technology. This paper mainly completed the following aspects of research work: 1) this paper introduces the main hazards of marine oil spills and the significance of rapid identification of marine oil pollution species. The methods used in the prevention and control of marine oil spill pollution at home and abroad in recent years, In this paper, the mechanism of fluorescence generation and the fluorescence and molecular structure are deeply analyzed with fluorescence spectroscopy as the main research method. Relationships between substances. Aromatic compounds usually have the ability to produce strong fluorescence, Therefore, it is proved that it is feasible to use fluorescence spectrum analysis method to identify oil products.) the advantages of laser-induced fluorescence spectrum technology are introduced in detail in this paper. The characteristics of oil and lubricating oil are analyzed in detail. A system for distinguishing oil and lubricating oil from ship is proposed. The 532 nm laser is used as the excitation light source. The backscattering fluorescence spectra of petroleum and lubricating oil at 45 掳, 60 掳and different thickness are obtained. It is found that the ratio of main laser scattering intensity and fluorescence intensity is obviously dependent on the variety and angle of oil products. In order to enhance the type characteristics of oil products, the spectral data of 45 掳and 60 掳irradiation are fused into a two dimensional spectral map, respectively. The experimental results show that this method can be used to identify lubricating oil and oil, and the probability of correct identification is up to 922.It is a method with good application value.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X834;O657.3

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