磁加载絮凝法处理微蚀铜废液的试验研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 02:22

本文选题：磁加载絮凝　切入点：含铜废水　出处：《天津大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着现代工业化进程的不断加快,工业生产排放的重金属废水对环境的污染程度日趋严重。在重金属废水处理技术中,絮凝法一直占据举足轻重的地位,它直接影响着后续的处理成本。因此,如何实现高效絮凝,提高后续污泥的固液分离效果,节约占地面积,一直都是水处理领域中极具应用价值的研究方向。磁加载絮凝是近些年来国内外工业废水处理领域研究的热点。它是在传统絮凝基础上,投入磁种作为絮凝反应的核心,诱导微絮体的形成,促进微絮体颗粒相互碰撞粘结、迅速长大,最终形成密实的磁絮体。与传统絮凝相比,它加快了絮体沉降速率,缩短了絮体沉降时间,从而大大提高了絮凝效果,被认为是一种高效的固液分离处理工艺。本课题主要研究磁加载絮凝处理模拟微蚀铜废液。研究内容包括三部分:第一部分进行了磁加载絮凝和砂加载絮凝的对比实验,比较二者在处理重金属工业废水方面的异同点;第二部分通过正交实验确定磁加载絮凝法的最优工艺条件;第三部分是在第二部分基础上,从絮体污泥沉降性能、絮体粒径、絮体污泥体积及絮体含水率等角度分别探究磁粉的投加量和粒径等因素对絮凝效果的影响,以期探寻磁粉在磁加载絮凝中的作用规律和机理,为此法处理重金属工业废水的应用提供理论和技术支持。研究结果表明:(1)磁加载絮凝最佳实验条件:PAC投药量1.8 g/L,PAM投药量0.015 g/L,pH 9.5,磁粉投加量2.0 g/L,磁粉粒径300~400目,静沉时间8min,此时Cu2+和浊度去除率达98.53%和94.72%。(2)砂加载絮凝最佳实验条件:PAC投药量1.8 g/L,PAM投药量0.015 g/L,pH 9.5,微砂投加量2.0 g/L,静沉时间8 min,此时Cu2+和浊度去除率达97.45%和93.24%。(3)正交实验得出影响Cu2+去除率的因素的主次关系:pH值磁粉投加量磁粉粒径PAM投药量PAC投药量。将磁粉作为磁种有助于提高工业废水中重金属的去除效果,其效应高于单纯提高PAC或PAM投加。(4)磁加载絮凝的絮体沉降速率明显比传统絮凝快。磁絮体沉降速率最快可达5 cm/min,是传统絮体沉降速率的3.64倍。(5)当磁粉投加量和粒径分别取2.0 g/L和300~400目时,絮体生长速率最快,粒径D50达41.94μm,较传统絮体粒径大20μm。磁粉投加量过多或过少、粒径过大或过小都会相应减慢磁絮体生长速率。(6)磁粉的加入使絮体变得密实,污泥体积大大减少,减轻了后期污泥的处理压力,提高了废水处理的效率。(7)磁粉的加入挤压出了絮体空隙中的自由水,使絮体含水率降低。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern industrialization, heavy metal wastewater discharged from industrial production is becoming more and more polluted to the environment. Flocculation plays an important role in the treatment of heavy metal wastewater. It directly affects the cost of subsequent treatment. Therefore, how to achieve high efficiency flocculation, improve the solid-liquid separation effect of follow-up sludge, and save the area, Magnetic loading flocculation is a hot spot in the field of industrial wastewater treatment at home and abroad in recent years. It is the core of flocculation reaction based on traditional flocculation. It induces the formation of micro-floc, promotes the micro-flocs to collide with each other and bond each other, grows rapidly, and finally forms dense magnetic floc. Compared with traditional flocculation, it accelerates the settling rate of flocs and shortens the settling time of flocs. Thus greatly improving the flocculation effect, It is considered to be an efficient solid-liquid separation process. This paper mainly studies magnetic loading flocculation treatment of simulated micro-corrosion copper waste liquid. The research contents include three parts: the first part is the comparative experiment of magnetic loading flocculation and sand loading flocculation. In the second part, the optimum process conditions of magnetic loading flocculation method are determined by orthogonal experiment, the third part is based on the second part, from the flocculation sludge settling performance, the floc particle size, In order to find out the action law and mechanism of magnetic powder in magnetic loading flocculation, the effects of magnetic powder dosage and particle size on flocculation effect were studied from the angles of sludge volume and water content of floc respectively. The results show that the best experimental conditions for flocculation by magnetic loading are: PAC dosage 1.8 g / L PAM 0.015 g / L pH 9.5, magnetic powder dosage 2.0 g / L, magnetic particle size 300 ~ 400 mesh, magnetic powder dosage 2.0 g / L, magnetic particle size 300 g 路L ~ (-1), pH 9.5, magnetic powder dosage 2.0 g / L, magnetic particle size 300 ~ 400 mesh, pH 9.5, magnetic powder dosage 2.0 g 路L ~ (-1), magnetic particle size 300 g / L ~ (400) mesh. Cu2 and turbidity removal rates of 98.53% and 94.72) the best experimental conditions for flocculation by loading sand with Cu2 and turbidity reach 98.53% and 94.72.The optimum experimental conditions for flocculation are as follows: 1.8g / L Pam dosage 0.015 g / L pH 9.5, 2.0 g / L micro-sand dosage, 8 mins settling time, 97.45% and 93.24.3) orthogonal real conditions for Cu2 and turbidity removal. The primary and secondary relationships of the factors affecting the removal rate of Cu2 were obtained. The dosage of magnetic powder particle size, PAM, dosage of Cu2, dosage of magnetic powder, and the dosage of PAC, were obtained. Using magnetic powder as magnetic seed can improve the removal effect of heavy metals in industrial wastewater. The effect of magnetic flocculation is higher than that of PAC or PAM. 4) the flocculation rate of magnetic loading flocculation is obviously faster than that of traditional flocculation. The fastest settling rate of magnetic flocs can reach 5 cm / min, which is 3.64 times that of traditional flocs.) when the amount of magnetic powder and particles are added, the sedimentation rate of magnetic flocs can reach 5 cm / min, which is 3.64 times of that of traditional flocs. When the diameters are 2.0 g / L and 300 g / L, respectively, The growth rate of the floc is the fastest, the particle size D50 is 41.94 渭 m, which is 20 渭 m larger than that of the traditional floc. The addition of the magnetic powder can decrease the growth rate of the magnetic floc by adding too much or too little magnetic powder, so that the flocs become compacted and the sludge volume is greatly reduced. The pressure of sludge treatment in the later stage was reduced, and the efficiency of wastewater treatment was improved. The addition of magnetic powder extruded the free water in the pore of the floc, which reduced the water content of the floc.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703

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