碱与臭氧预处理剩余污泥厌氧产气的研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 05:26

本文选题：剩余污泥　切入点：预处理　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在传统的活性污泥法中,污泥的厌氧消化是污泥处理处置的主要手段,但在污泥厌氧发酵过程中,污泥中微生物细胞壁难于破解,导致污泥水解成为了这一过程的限速环节,造成了反应器体积过大,反应时间过长,增加了污泥处理费用,因此人们针对这一过程提出了很多预处理方法来破解微生物细胞。其中关于碱处理、臭氧处理研究的颇多,然而关于二者的组合预处理技术研究的较少。本课题主要研究碱处理、臭氧处理、碱与臭氧联合预处理技术对污泥的破解效果、污泥性质、厌氧发酵效能以及有机物的变化规律的影响,同时确定不同预处理技术应用的最佳条件,污泥破解前后有机物的种类变化以及预处理技术实际应用的可行性。不同预处理对剩余污泥性质影响的研究表明,污泥经过碱处理后,污泥的脱水性和沉降性有所下降,污泥经过臭氧处理后,污泥的脱水性能下降,沉降性能得到改善。不同预处理技术对污泥的破解程度顺序为:先臭氧后碱处理先碱后臭氧处理碱处理臭氧处理未处理。确定了碱处理的最佳条件为p H=12,臭氧处理的最佳投加量为0.3 g O3/g SS,碱与臭氧联合预处理的最佳条件为p H=12,臭氧投加量0.3 g O3/g SS。通过预处理技术与厌氧发酵的组合工艺研究得出,碱与臭氧联合预处理的污泥厌氧发酵效能要好于二者单独作用的污泥,平均产酸量、产气量均是先臭氧后碱处理先碱后臭氧处理碱处理臭氧处理未处理。并且当p H=12,臭氧投加量为0.12 g O3/g SS时,先臭氧后碱处理产生气体总量最多,大约是剩余污泥产气量的1.94倍左右,其中甲烷含量约为48.8%,而未处理的污泥所产甲烷含量仅为21.2%。通过紫外光谱分析发现,经过不同处理后的污泥上清液中腐殖类大分子有机物以及含C=C双键和C=O双键的芳香族化合物大幅度增加。并且通过荧光光谱分析发现,剩余污泥中主要存在类芳香性蛋白和溶解性细胞副产物,经过碱处理后污泥中物质的种类没有变化,但含量有所增加。经过臭氧处理后,污泥上清液中主要存在类富里酸、溶解性细胞副产物类物质、类腐殖酸物质。污泥经过先碱后臭氧处理后,污泥上清液中主要存在类芳香性蛋白质、溶解性细胞副产物、类腐殖酸。经过先臭氧后碱预处理后的污泥上清液中主要存在类芳香性蛋白质物质、类富里酸类物质、溶解性细胞副产物类物质、类腐殖酸物质。碱和臭氧联合预处理污泥厌氧消化技术的研究具有一定的理论指导意义,由于实验用泥泥质可生化性较差,能源回收相对较少,该技术能否应用于实践,还需综合经济技术角度进一步研究。
[Abstract]:In the traditional activated sludge process, the anaerobic digestion of sludge is the main means of sludge treatment and disposal, but in the process of sludge anaerobic fermentation, the cell wall of microorganism in sludge is difficult to break down, which leads to the hydrolysis of sludge as the speed limiting part of the process. Because the reactor volume is too large, the reaction time is too long, and the sludge treatment cost is increased, so people put forward a lot of pretreatment methods to solve the microbial cells in this process, among which there are many researches on alkali treatment and ozone treatment. However, there are few researches on the combined pretreatment technology. This paper mainly studies the effect of alkali treatment, ozone treatment, combined pretreatment of alkali and ozone on sludge cracking, sludge properties, and so on. The effects of anaerobic fermentation efficiency and the change of organic matter, and the optimum conditions for the application of different pretreatment techniques were determined. The study on the effect of different pretreatment on the properties of excess sludge showed that the dewatering and sedimentation of sludge decreased after alkali treatment. The dewatering performance of sludge decreased after ozone treatment. Sedimentation performance was improved. The degree of sludge cracking by different pretreatment techniques was as follows: first ozone, then alkali treatment, then ozone treatment, alkali treatment, ozone treatment, untreated ozone treatment. The optimum conditions of alkali treatment were determined as follows: ph ~ (12), ozone unit. The optimum dosing amount is 0.3 g O 3 / g SS. the optimum condition of combined pretreatment of alkali and ozone is p H 2O 12, the dosage of ozone 0.3 g O 3 / g SS. through the combination of pretreatment technology and anaerobic fermentation, The anaerobic fermentation efficiency of the sludge pretreated with alkali and ozone was better than that of the sludge acting alone, and the average acid production was higher than that of the sludge treated with alkali and ozone. The amount of gas produced was the first ozone, then the alkali treatment, the ozone treatment alkali treatment, the untreated ozone treatment, and when the ozone dosage was 0.12 g O 3 / g SS, the total amount of the gas produced by the first ozone and then alkali treatment was the most, when the amount of ozone added was 0.12 g O 3 / g SS, It is about 1.94 times of excess sludge gas production, of which methane content is about 48.8, while that of untreated sludge is only 21.20.It is found by ultraviolet spectrum analysis. After different treatment, humic macromolecular organic compounds and aromatic compounds containing C / C and C / O double bonds in sludge supernatant were increased significantly. There were mainly aromatic proteins and soluble cell by-products in the excess sludge. After alkali treatment, the kinds of substances in the sludge did not change, but the content increased. After ozone treatment, there were mainly fulvic acids in the sludge supernatants. Soluble cell by-products, humic acid-like substances. After the sludge was treated with alkali and ozone, there were mainly aromatic proteins in the sludge supernatants, and soluble cell by-products. Humic acid. After ozone and alkali pretreatment, the sludge supernatant mainly contains aromatic protein substance, similar fulvic acid substance, soluble cell by-product substance, The study of humic acid-like substances, alkali and ozone combined pretreatment sludge anaerobic digestion technology has a certain theoretical significance. Due to the poor biodegradability and relatively little energy recovery, the technology can be used in practice. Further research is needed from the angle of comprehensive economy and technology.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703

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