餐厨废弃物油脂分离技术

发布时间：2018-03-14 08:28

本文选题：油脂分离　切入点：结构设计　出处：《南京理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当前,餐厨废弃物处理回收利用的效率低,对环境卫生及人类身体健康的影响比较大。由于当今社会监管的缺失及限制,餐厨废弃物中的油脂会被不法分子利用,导致“地沟油”问题严重。本文对餐厨废弃物油脂分离技术进行研究。根据当今餐厨废弃物来源多、产量大、分布广以及其自身的物理特性确定实现餐厨废弃物中油脂分离的总体方案。设计的油脂分离装置主要由固液分离装置和油水分离装置两部分组成。基于螺旋压榨固液分离的原理上研究与设计了固液分离装置；固液分离装置主要包括滤网部件、挤出口部件、机壳部件以及螺旋部件。文中对固液分离装置各部件进行设计；利用了有限元分析法对固液分离装置中螺旋进行仿真分析；根据固液分离装置的工作机理对电机需要的负载进行计算；根据电机需要的功率进行了选型。在油水分离装置中,基于油脂浮升凝结过程、“浅池原理”以及Stokes公式基础上设计了圆盘式的油水分离装置；对隔油箱的入水口倾斜角以及有无加装隔板进行CFX仿真分析确定确定了入水口的倾斜角角度以及确定了加装隔板可以消除箱内出口紊乱,减少出水口的含油率。通过对圆盘在箱内不同安装位置进行CFX仿真分析确定圆盘安装位置,最后,研究圆盘材料、圆盘转速、油浸占比因素对油水分离装置的集油性能的影响；通过油水分离装置实验研究来确定装置中圆盘使用材料,装置工作时圆盘速度以及圆盘浸入面积。
[Abstract]:At present, the efficiency of food waste disposal and recycling is low, and the impact on environmental hygiene and human health is relatively large. Because of the lack and limitation of social supervision, the grease in food waste will be used by illegal elements. The problem of "gutter oil" is serious. In this paper, the separation technology of cooking waste oil is studied. The general scheme of oil separation from kitchen waste is determined by its wide distribution and its own physical characteristics. The oil separation device is mainly composed of solid-liquid separation device and oil-water separation device. Based on screw press, the oil separation device is composed of two parts: one is solid-liquid separation device and the other is oil-water separation device. The solid-liquid separation device is studied and designed on the principle of solid-liquid separation. The solid-liquid separation device mainly includes filter screen parts, extruded outlet parts, shell parts and spiral parts. In this paper, the components of solid-liquid separation device are designed, and the screw in solid-liquid separation device is simulated and analyzed by finite element method. According to the working mechanism of the solid-liquid separation device, the load required by the motor is calculated, and the type selection is carried out according to the power required by the motor. Based on the process of oil floatation and condensation, "shallow pool principle" and Stokes formula, a disc oil-water separation device was designed. The inclined angle of the inlet of the oil tank and whether there is an additional partition are analyzed by CFX simulation. The angle of inclination of the inlet is determined and the disturbance of the outlet in the box can be eliminated by adding the partition. To reduce the oil content of the outlet. The installation position of the disc is determined by CFX simulation analysis of the different installation positions of the disc in the box. Finally, the effects of disc material, disc speed and oil immersion ratio on the oil gathering performance of the oil-water separation device are studied. The material used in the disc, the speed of the disc and the immersion area of the disc are determined by the experimental study of the oil-water separation device.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X799.3

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