我国人为源大气汞排放清单的分析研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 23:05

本文选题：人为源　切入点：大气汞　出处：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：根据大气汞对于自然生态以及生活于其中的各类物种无距离、限制性的危害严重性,可以将它定义为一种有较强影响力的污染物。经济的发展使得由人类活动产生的大气汞成为了当前对国家大气的清洁状况危害程度较高的污染物之一。由于国际性的人类活动释放大气汞的数据记录尚未在大范围内得到实现,因此关于大气汞这一污染物的汇集源流和轨迹的研究对如今国际科学界依然是个难题。出于上述情况,为了更有效率的对严峻的大气汞污染局面作出及时的应对策略,我国更应当迅速落实对于人类活动产生的大气汞的具体释放情况作出相应探究。本文旨在对于我国各行业领域以及各年度的数据记录作出分析整合,深度分析中国的现实状况,借鉴国际科技最前沿的试验结论,构建中国人类活动释放大气汞具体源头的体系和中国人为源大气汞排放的清单,使其满足分类别统计污染物源头的具体情况并构建体系的要求。结果表明:2012年,我国人为活动造成的大气汞污染物排放量记录中,排放量最大的是河南、内蒙古、山东、贵州、云南,五省排放量占排放总量的36.14%,而排放量较小的海南、北京、青海三省的排放量都不超过3吨。按排放源来看,燃煤类排放源排放351.68吨、石油燃烧排放19.34吨、有色金属冶炼排放94.01吨、水泥生产排放37.24吨、钢铁行业的排放量为35.42吨,垃圾焚烧的排放量为7.31吨,排放总量545吨。根据文中表明的地区差异表明:我国由人类活动产生的大气汞排放中中南地区的排放量高达154.42t,占总排放量的28%,是其余地区的1.1倍~5.2倍。除此之外,西北和东北地区分别排放29.83t和38.15t,西南和华北地区分别排放80.92t和98.15t,而华东地区排放143.56t,仅低于中南地域。
[Abstract]:Based on the fact that mercury in the atmosphere is not far away from the natural ecology and the species in which it lives, It can be defined as a highly influential pollutant. With the development of economy, atmospheric mercury produced by human activities has become one of the most harmful pollutants to the national atmospheric cleanliness. Data records on the release of atmospheric mercury from sexual human activities have not yet been achieved on a large scale, Therefore, the study of the source and trajectory of atmospheric mercury as a pollutant is still a difficult problem for the international scientific community today. In view of the above, and in order to provide a more efficient and timely response to the severe atmospheric mercury pollution situation, The purpose of this paper is to analyze and integrate the data records of various industries and years in China, and to analyze the actual situation in China. Drawing on the most advanced experimental conclusions of international science and technology, to build a system of specific sources of atmospheric mercury release from human activities in China and an inventory of atmospheric mercury emissions from Chinese sources, The results show that in 2012, the largest emissions of atmospheric mercury pollutants caused by human activities in China were Henan, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Guizhou, Henan, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Guizhou, Henan, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Guizhou, China. Yunnan's five provinces account for 36.14 percent of the total emissions, while Hainan, Beijing and Qinghai, the three provinces with smaller emissions, all have emissions of less than 3 tons. According to the emission sources, coal-fired emissions are 351.68 tons and oil combustion 19.34 tons. Non-ferrous metal smelting discharged 94.01 tons, cement production 37.24 tons, iron and steel industry 35.42 tons, garbage incineration 7.31 tons. The total emission amount is 545 tons. According to the regional differences shown in this paper, the emissions of atmospheric mercury emissions from human activities in China are as high as 154.42 t in the central and southern regions, accounting for 28% of the total emissions, and 1.1 times as much as in the rest of the region. In addition, the amount of mercury emissions in the central and southern regions is 5.2 times higher than that in the other regions. In the northwest and northeast regions, the emissions were 29.83 t and 38.15 t, respectively, and the emissions in the southwest and north China were 80.92 t and 98.15 t, respectively, while the emissions in the east and east China were 143.56 t, which were only lower than those in the central and southern regions.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X511

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