密闭环境空气质量监测系统

发布时间：2018-03-23 06:04

本文选题：密闭环境　切入点：空气质量评价　出处：《哈尔滨理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在工矿及军事领域中有很多密闭的特殊生活环境,如矿用救生舱、特定密封车间、地下工事、潜艇等,这些环境的共同特点是空间密闭、狭小与外界不流通,随着在其内工作人员活动的累积,产生的代谢物必将对密闭空间环境产生污染,长时间处在这样的环境下时会产生恶心、头晕、无力等症状。为此,研制一种能够监测密闭环境空气质量的监测系统具有重要的理论意义和很大的应用价值。在研究了大量关于密闭环境空气质量测量相关文献和有关标准后,设计了本文的密闭环境空气质量监测系统,整个系统以模块化为设计为核心。本设计采用分布式电源方案,以隔离DC/DC开关电源LT3748为核心搭配AMS1117、TL431等构成了整个系统的电源结构。整个系统由主板和测量板构成,测量板负责测量相关的气体参数,主板负责收集测量板测量的气体参数值,这样当被测的密闭环境改变时,只需添加或减少相应的测量板即可,增加了系统的灵活性和后期维护的方便性,主板和测量板之间采用USART通信,通过CRC校验增强了数据传输的准确性。本文研究了电化学、温湿度、差压等传感器的测量原理,设计了与之相配套的具有温湿度补偿功能的信号调理电路,同时采用了分段线性化的办法对传感器的非线性问题进行了改进,设计了RS485以及4-20m A的输出接口电路。考虑到现场人员使用方便性,本文依据模糊数学的理论对密闭环境的空气质量进行了评价,建立了评价模型,给出了软件实现方法。本设计完成后进行了初步系统测量实验,实验结果表明各参数测量结果达到了相关的标准要求,具有实际应用价值。
[Abstract]:In the industrial, mining and military fields, there are many special sealed living environments, such as mine lifebuoys, special sealed workshops, underground works, submarines, etc. The common features of these environments are that the space is closed, small and not circulating with the outside world. With the accumulation of staff activities within it, the resulting metabolites are bound to pollute the confined space environment, causing nausea, dizziness, weakness and other symptoms when they are in such an environment for long periods of time. It is of great theoretical significance and great application value to develop a kind of monitoring system which can monitor air quality in airtight environment. After studying a large number of literatures and standards about air quality measurement in airtight environment, The air quality monitoring system in airtight environment is designed in this paper. The whole system is based on modularization. The whole system is composed of mainboard and measuring board, the measuring board is responsible for measuring the related gas parameters, and the main board is responsible for collecting the gas parameter value measured by the measuring board. In this way, when the airtight environment is changed, we only need to add or reduce the corresponding measuring board, increase the flexibility of the system and the convenience of later maintenance, and use USART communication between the main board and the measuring board. The accuracy of data transmission is enhanced by CRC verification. The measurement principle of electrochemical, temperature and humidity, differential pressure sensors is studied, and a signal conditioning circuit with temperature and humidity compensation function is designed. At the same time, the piecewise linearization method is used to improve the nonlinear problem of the sensor, and the output interface circuit of RS485 and 4-20mA is designed. In this paper, based on the theory of fuzzy mathematics, the air quality in the airtight environment is evaluated, the evaluation model is established, and the software realization method is given. The experimental results show that the measurement results meet the requirements of relevant standards and have practical application value.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X84

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