城市生活垃圾分类服务外包研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 20:08

本文选题：垃圾分类　切入点：垃圾管理　出处：《华中师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国经济取得了飞速的发展,人们生活水平也有了很大的提高,同时我国的城市生活垃圾产量也在迅速增加。面对“垃圾围城”的难题,找寻解决的成功之道,考验着各个城市政府的智慧与能力。垃圾分类被国际上普遍认为是从源头破解“垃圾围城”困境的有效举措,它是指将城市生活垃圾按照成分、价值、特征的不同分为各种类别,并进行分类投放、分类运输、分类处理,从而实现生活垃圾“减量化、资源化、无害化”的处理,是解决垃圾问题的最根本的方法。本文按照“提出问题—分析问题—解决问题”的思路,首先通过文献研究明确城市生活垃圾分类、公共服务外包、垃圾分类治理等概念。在此基础上,结合当前我国城市生活垃圾分类工作的现状,指出政府作为“单一”的垃圾分类管理主体的局限性,提出将“公共服务外包”的理念引入垃圾分类治理,并结合国内外垃圾分类治理的实践及当前我国的行政体制改革,充分论证我国城市生活垃圾分类服务外包的必要性及其可行性。其次,通过对华立成环保科技有限公司与上海爱芬环保组织承包垃圾分类的两个案例进行分析,归纳总结我国城市生活垃圾分类服务外包的特征、优势,并深入剖析我国城市生活垃圾分类服务外包过程中存在的问题。总的来说,我国城市生活垃圾分类服务外包过程中主要存在以下四个问题：一是垃圾分类服务外包过程中政府未进行合理的角色定位：二是垃圾分类服务外包过程中未建立健全合作共治模式；三是垃圾分类服务外包过程中缺乏科学合理的流程管理；四是垃圾分类服务外包的配套措施的不健全。这些问题若不得到重视并加以解决,将会直接影响到我国城市生活垃圾分类外包的可持续发展。最后,针对垃圾分类外包过程中存在的问题,结合当前实际,提出宏观指导层面以及微观操作层面上的对策及建议：第一,转变政府职能,树立服务型政府的理念；第二,通过推进合约式垃圾分类服务外包,形成多元化的垃圾分类治理格局；第三,完善垃圾分类服务外包的配套措施,如加强垃圾分类的立法规范、营造公平的竞争环境、促进社会组织的发展、建立健全监督机制等。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has made rapid development, people's living standards have also been greatly improved, and the output of municipal solid waste is also increasing rapidly. In the face of the problem of "garbage besieging", we should find a successful way to solve this problem. It tests the wisdom and ability of various city governments. Garbage classification is generally considered to be an effective measure to solve the dilemma of "garbage besieging" from the source. It refers to the classification of municipal domestic waste according to its composition and value. The different characteristics can be classified into various categories, and classified and put in, classified transportation, classified treatment, so as to achieve the "reduction, resource, innocuous" treatment of domestic waste. It is the most fundamental method to solve the garbage problem. According to the idea of "posing problem-analyzing problem-solving problem", this paper firstly clarifies the classification of municipal solid waste and outsourcing of public service through literature research. On the basis of the concept of classified treatment of garbage, combined with the current situation of the classification of municipal solid waste in China, the paper points out the limitations of the government as the main body of the "single" classified management of municipal solid waste (MSW). This paper puts forward the idea of "public service outsourcing" into the classified treatment of garbage, and combines the practice of classified treatment of garbage at home and abroad and the current administrative system reform of our country. Fully demonstrate the necessity and feasibility of outsourcing classified services for municipal solid waste in China. Secondly, through the analysis of two cases of contracting waste classification between Hualicheng Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd and Shanghai Aifen Environmental Protection Organization. This paper summarizes the characteristics and advantages of classified service outsourcing of municipal solid waste (MSW) in China, and deeply analyzes the problems existing in the outsourcing process of classifying services for MSW in China. There are four main problems in the outsourcing process of classified services for municipal solid waste in China: one is that the government has not carried out reasonable role orientation in the process of outsourcing the classified services of municipal solid waste; the other is that the outsourcing process of classified services for municipal solid waste has not been established. Perfect cooperative co-governance model; Third, there is a lack of scientific and reasonable process management in the outsourcing process of garbage classified services, and fourth, the unsound supporting measures for the outsourcing of garbage classified services. If these problems are not taken seriously and solved, It will directly affect the sustainable development of the classification outsourcing of municipal solid waste in China. Finally, in view of the problems existing in the process of classification and outsourcing of municipal solid waste, combined with the current reality, Put forward the macroscopic guidance level and micro operation level countermeasure and suggestion: first, change the government function, set up the concept of service-oriented government; second, by promoting contract type garbage classified service outsourcing, Third, perfect the supporting measures of waste classification service outsourcing, such as strengthening the legislative norms of waste classification, creating a fair competitive environment, promoting the development of social organizations, establishing and improving the supervision mechanism, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X799.3

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