基于开敞海域水环境容量的如东河口污染控制研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 19:55

  本文选题：总量控制　切入点：数学规划法　出处：《南京师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国海岸及近海海洋环境污染趋势目前仍未得到有效控制,江河携带污染物入海和陆源入海排污口排污是影响我国近岸海洋环境质量的主要原因。大量污废水入海将加剧海洋水环境污染,影响海洋功能发挥,制约海洋经济可持续发展,甚至可能威胁海洋生态系统。入海河口附近海域是我国近岸海域水环境污染最为严重的区域。在充分利用海洋水环境容量的基础上,实施河口的入海污染总量控制,不仅可以缓解该区域的水环境污染,还可以最大限度的满足陆源排污的需求,为社会经济发展提供环境保障。论文以江苏如东海域为研究区,搜集资料和现场调查后确定如东海域海洋环境现状和北凌闸、小洋口闸、掘苴闸、东安闸和遥望港闸的污染物入海通量。在回顾国内外环境容量的研究和应用情况的基础上,分析了如东海域污染物扩散特征,并选取主要排污河口：北凌河口、小洋口闸、掘苴闸、东安闸为重点研究河口,依据平衡稳定扩散场确定各河口的混合区范围,研究提出了在设计日均流量和最大污染物入海浓度情况下落潮分别排放6小时和3小时对应各河口的海洋水环境容量。调查四个河口不同季节月份的入海流量、污染物入海浓度和开闸情况,分析各河口实际排放条件并不能充分利用海洋环境容量,在此基础上利用数学规划法提出满足目标函数和约束条件的基于入海流量,污染物入海浓度及排放时间的河流污染物排放方案。研究表明：北凌河口CODcr排放情况良好不需要削减,总磷入海量需削减195.543 t/a。小洋口CODcr排放情况良好不需要削减,总磷入海量需削减361.271 t/a；掘苴闸口CODcr入海量需削减12147.48 t/a,总磷入海量需削减335.371 t/a；东安闸口CODcr入海量需削减12823.43 t/a,总磷入海量需削减241.089 t/a
[Abstract]:The pollution trend of coastal and offshore marine environment in China has not been effectively controlled at present. The main reasons that affect the quality of marine environment in our country are carrying pollutants into the sea by rivers and discharging sewage from land-based sources.A large amount of polluted wastewater into the sea will aggravate the pollution of marine water environment, affect the function of the ocean, restrict the sustainable development of marine economy, and even threaten the marine ecosystem.The area near the estuary is the most serious pollution area of water environment in the coastal waters of China.To provide environmental protection for social and economic development.Taking the Rudong sea area of Jiangsu Province as the research area, the present situation of marine environment and the flux of pollutants into the sea from Beiling Gate, Xiaoyangkou Gate, Jiaoju Gate, Dongan Gate and Longwanggang Sluice are determined after collecting data and field investigation.On the basis of reviewing the research and application of environmental capacity at home and abroad, the characteristics of pollutant diffusion in Rudong sea area are analyzed, and the main sewerage estuaries: Beiling Estuary, Xiaoyangkou Sluice, Jiaoju Gate, Dongan Sluice are selected as the emphasis.According to the equilibrium and steady diffusion field, the range of the mixing area of each estuary is determined, and it is proposed that under the condition of the designed daily average discharge and the maximum concentration of pollutants into the sea, the discharge of the falling tide will correspond to the marine water environmental capacity of each estuary for 6 hours and 3 hours, respectively.The discharge, concentration and opening of pollutants in the four estuaries in different seasons were investigated, and the actual discharge conditions of each estuary were analyzed, which could not make full use of the marine environmental capacity.On the basis of this, a scheme of river pollutant discharge based on discharge, pollutant concentration and discharge time is proposed, which satisfies the objective function and constraint conditions by using mathematical programming method.The results show that the CODcr emission in the Beiling estuary is good and the total phosphorus input needs to be reduced by 195.543 t / a.灏忔磱鍙�CODcr鎺掓斁鎯呭喌鑹�濂戒笉闇�瑕佸墛鍑，

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