基于BIM技术的建设项目全生命周期环境影响评价研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 13:17

本文选题：BIM + LCA　；参考：《南京林业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：建筑业每年的资源消耗量和温室气体排放量几乎占了全球总量的一半,因此如何采取有效手段减少建筑对环境的影响具有重要的意义。目前,将全寿命周期评价方法应用于规划设计阶段仍然存在着缺乏有效的数据信息、工作量大、标准不统一等缺陷。鉴于BIM和LCA在建筑性能模拟评价方面具有的强大优势,本文主要从集成BIM-LCA的角度研究,以BIM数据交换标准IFC作为媒介,将BIM模型中的数据提取至LCA软件中进行环境影响的分析和评价。论文基于全生命周期理论、建筑环境影响评价理论和BIM技术,采用文献法、比较法分析了建筑环境影响评价的国内外研究现状及存在的问题,对主流建筑环境评价软件的功能和优缺点进行了比较分析,研究了BIM模型与LCA整合的前提和基础,提出了基于BIM技术的建设项目全生命周期环评系统的概念模型,明确了LCA作为系统环境影响评价内核的必要性。在对BIM-LCA系统功能分析的基础上,研究了基于IFC标准的建设项目全生命周期环境影响评价的信息传递方式。通过Access数据库的建立和Tally插件的使用,验证了BIM-LCA的可行性,为BIM-LCA全面整合提供借鉴和指导。由于时间及水平有限,虽然论文从总体上提出了基于BIM的LCA评价框架模型,并设计了系统功能及程序界面,但局限于我国LCA数据库的缺乏、与国际环境评价标准的不完全一致以及系统实现的复杂性,完整独立运行的系统开发尚需时日。后期需要完成的工作是在建立完善本土化的LCA数据库的基础上,开发基于物联网和云端技术的BIM-LCA系统程序。
[Abstract]:The construction industry accounts for almost half of the global total annual resource consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, so how to take effective measures to reduce the impact of construction on the environment is of great significance.At present, the application of life-cycle evaluation method in planning and design still has some defects, such as lack of effective data information, heavy workload, inconsistent standards, and so on.In view of the strong advantages of BIM and LCA in building performance simulation evaluation, this paper mainly studies from the point of view of integrated BIM-LCA, taking BIM data exchange standard IFC as the medium.The data from BIM model are extracted into LCA software for environmental impact analysis and evaluation.Based on the whole life cycle theory, building environmental impact assessment theory and BIM technology, this paper analyzes the current research situation and existing problems of environmental impact assessment at home and abroad by using literature method and comparative method.This paper compares and analyzes the functions, advantages and disadvantages of the mainstream building environment assessment software, studies the premise and foundation of the integration of BIM model and LCA, and puts forward the concept model of the whole life cycle environmental assessment system of construction project based on BIM technology.The necessity of LCA as the kernel of system environmental impact assessment is clarified.Based on the analysis of the function of BIM-LCA system, the information transfer method of the whole life cycle environmental impact assessment of construction project based on IFC standard is studied.Through the establishment of Access database and the use of Tally plug-in, the feasibility of BIM-LCA is verified, which provides reference and guidance for the overall integration of BIM-LCA.Because of the limited time and level, although the paper puts forward the LCA evaluation framework model based on BIM, and designs the system function and program interface, it is limited to the lack of LCA database in our country.Because of the inconsistency of the international environmental assessment standards and the complexity of the system implementation, it will take time for the system to develop completely and independently.The later work to be done is to develop the BIM-LCA system program based on the Internet of things and cloud technology on the basis of establishing and perfecting the native LCA database.
【学位授予单位】：南京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU17;X820.3

【参考文献】