基于折减系数的地下水污染风险评价方法探究

发布时间：2018-04-13 06:46

本文选题：地下水污染风险评价 + 污染负荷　；参考：《环境科学学报》2016年12期

【摘要】：地下水污染风险评价对地下水污染防治与地下水合理开发利用具有重要意义.目前国内外最常用的是基于DRASTIC模型结合污染荷载的地下水污染风险评价方法.本文对比总结了国内外地下水污染风险评价方法体系,针对目前方法体系的不足,提出基于折减系数的评价体系,通过引进"折减系数"来表征污染物在包气带中的迁移转化过程,最后以石家庄滹沱河冲洪积扇平原区为例进行了地下水污染风险评价.结果表明,研究区污染风险最高的地区多为工业区;其次是滹沱河河道及周边地区地下水污染风险较高,原因主要是该地区包气带基本以砂性土为主,且排污河污染物随河水常年下渗;农业污染源排放量较小,农田区污染风险最低.该方法体系实现了污染物由地表到达地下的衰减过程量化,且简便易操作.此外,该方法把污染物毒性与污染物到达地下水面的量放在同一层次,使得地下水污染风险评价的结果更具说服力.
[Abstract]:Groundwater pollution risk assessment is of great significance to groundwater pollution prevention and reasonable development and utilization.At present, the most commonly used groundwater pollution risk assessment method is based on DRASTIC model combined with pollution load.In this paper, the domestic and foreign groundwater pollution risk assessment methods are compared and summarized, and the evaluation system based on the reduction coefficient is put forward in view of the shortcomings of the present method system.The "reduction coefficient" was introduced to characterize the migration and transformation process of pollutants in the aeration zone. Finally, the groundwater pollution risk was evaluated by taking the plain area of Hutuo alluvial fan in Shijiazhuang as an example.The results show that the highest pollution risk in the study area is in the industrial area, and the groundwater pollution risk is higher in the Hutuo River and its surrounding areas, the main reason being that the aeration zone in this area is mainly sandy soil.The discharge amount of pollutants from polluted river is small and the risk of pollution in farmland is the lowest.The system quantifies the attenuation process of pollutants from surface to underground, and it is simple and easy to operate.In addition, the method puts the toxicity of pollutants on the same level as the amount of pollutants reaching the groundwater surface, which makes the results of groundwater pollution risk assessment more convincing.
【作者单位】：中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院水资源与环境工程北京市重点实验室;
【基金】：环境保护公益性行业科研专项(No.201409029-2)~~
【分类号】：X824

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