杨凌热电厂工程农业生态环境影响评价

发布时间：2018-04-13 07:41

本文选题：生态现状评价 + 农业生态环境评价　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：依据陕西省发展和改革委员会2008年2月29日《关于杨凌示范区集中供热热源工程建设的复函》精神,拟建设杨凌热电厂(2×330MW)热电工程项目。工程项目的建设落成,将在一定程度上利于缓解杨凌示范区企业和居民所需的热和电的供需矛盾,有利于改善杨凌及周边地区环境,能有效的改善“小锅炉”普遍存在的现象。本文通过对杨凌热电厂(2×330MW)热电工程项目影响区(即杨凌示范区)的了解和掌握,用层次分析法、专家定性分析法和模糊综合评价模型,对杨凌示范区城市和农业实际情况进行了解,开展对其城市和农业生态环境的现状评价,再将评价结果结合工程项目进行分析,并通过遥感图像将项目影响区域内敏感目标选定,开展工程项目所产生的污染物气体(SO2、F化物、NO2)、烟尘、废水、灰场和煤场的扬尘等对影响区农业生态的影响和预测评价,最后提出了一些生态防护和监测方案。分析结果显示:(1)评价区的城市生态现状评价。通过选取城市结构、城市功能和城市协调性三大一级指标31个小指标建立城市生态环境评价体系,运用生态化指数各级指标计算公式算出评价区城市生态综合指数为0.5903,生态化程度较高,但较之与2002年相比略有下降。(2)评价区农业生态现状进行评价。通过选取农业生态自然环境系统、农业生产投入系统和环境响应系统三大一级指标18个小指标建立农业生态环境评价体系,用模糊评价模型计算得出评价区农业生态环境质量得分为7.2385,属于较优。(3)本文结合国家执行的大气环境标准和火电厂大气污染物排放标准,对项目建成后可能造成的二氧化硫、氟化物和二氧化氮等污染物气体以及烟尘、废水、灰场和煤场的扬尘对敏感目标的影响进行预测。结果表明:a.SO2在距离工程烟囱出119m的地方长期浓度达到最大值0.05mg/m3,能满足敏感作物的生长限度,不会受其影响;b.工程采用静电除尘技术后对氟化物有吸附作用,可以满足氟化物敏感作物的日平均浓度限值:5.0?g/dm2·d,对氟化物敏感作物的正常生长不会造成影响;c.工程采用的石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统、电袋复合除尘器、低NOX燃烧技术和SCR脱硝技术后,烟尘、NO2的排放浓度能完全不影响敏感作物的生长;d.工程产生的废水将含盐量较高的部分和生活污水排入城市管网,不外排;e.灰场的地址选取不会对地下水构成影响,且有相应的管理措施,不会造成扬尘。
[Abstract]:According to the spirit of Shaanxi Provincial Development and Reform Commission on the Construction of Central heating and Heat Source Project in Yang Ling demonstration area on February 29, 2008, it is proposed to build a 2 脳 330MW thermoelectric power plant project of Yang Ling Thermal Power Plant.The completion of the project will to a certain extent help to alleviate the contradiction between heat and electricity supply and demand for enterprises and residents in Yang Ling demonstration area, to improve the environment of Yang Ling and its surrounding areas, and to effectively improve the widespread phenomenon of "small boilers".In this paper, through the understanding and mastering of the influence area of the thermoelectric engineering project of Yang Ling 2 脳 330MW, which is the Yang Ling demonstration area, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the expert qualitative analysis method and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model are used.To understand the actual situation of cities and agriculture in Yang Ling demonstration area, to carry out an evaluation of the present situation of their cities and agricultural ecological environment, and then to analyze the results of the evaluation combined with the engineering projects.Through remote sensing images, the sensitive targets in the area affected by the project are selected, and the impact and prediction evaluation of pollutants produced by the project, such as no _ 2, soot, waste water, dust from ash yard and coal yard, on the agricultural ecology of the affected area, are carried out.Finally, some ecological protection and monitoring schemes are put forward.The results show that the urban ecological status of the evaluation area is evaluated.The evaluation system of urban ecological environment is established by selecting 31 small indexes of urban structure, urban function and urban coordination.The comprehensive index of urban ecology in the evaluation area is 0.5903, which is higher than that of 2002, but it is a little lower than that of 2002, and the present situation of agricultural ecology in the evaluation area is evaluated.By selecting agricultural eco-natural environment system, agricultural production input system and environmental response system, the evaluation system of agro-ecological environment is established.By using fuzzy evaluation model, the evaluation area's agricultural ecological environment quality score is 7.2385, which belongs to the better. 3) this paper combines the national standard of atmospheric environment and the emission standard of atmospheric pollutants of thermal power plant, which may result in sulfur dioxide after the completion of the project.The influence of pollutants, such as fluoride and nitrogen dioxide, and soot, waste water, ash and coal fields on sensitive targets was predicted.The results showed that the long term concentration of w. A. SO2 reached a maximum value of 0. 05 mg / m ~ 3 at 119m from the chimney of the project, which could satisfy the growth limit of sensitive crops and would not be affected by it.By using electrostatic dusting technology, fluoride can be adsorbed in the engineering, which can satisfy the daily average concentration limit of fluoride sensitive crops: 5.0 g / dm2, and will not affect the normal growth of fluoride sensitive crops.The limestone gypsum wet flue gas desulphurization system, electric bag composite dust collector, low NOX combustion technology and SCR denitrification technology are adopted in the project. The emission concentration of no _ 2 from fume can not affect the growth of sensitive crops completely.The waste water produced by the project will be discharged into the urban pipe network with high salt content and domestic sewage.The site selection of the ash farm will not affect the groundwater, and the corresponding management measures will not cause dust.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X82

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