恶臭气体检测系统开发与实验研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 16:42

本文选题：恶臭 + 气体检测　；参考：《河北工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：恶臭污染作为一种特殊的环境污染,已严重影响到人们的生产生活,甚至威胁人们生命安全。因此,加强对大气中恶臭气体检测关系着人们的身体健康,同时,恶臭气体检测也是环境治理与环保执法的重要依据。所以,开发恶臭气体检测装置势在必行。论文首先综述了国内外气体检测最新研究成果与发展方向,并对常用方法进行比较,确定了气相色谱法为本课题的检测方法;然后详细叙述了气相色谱的起源与国内、外发展现状,基于气相色谱技术,并结合微流控芯片技术提出了一种恶臭气体检测系统。论文对恶臭气体检测系统的气路系统、进样系统、分离系统、检测系统、控制系统、数据记录处理系统六部分的结构和开发过程分别进行了介绍。首先在气路系统中为了保证载气流量、压力稳定的前提下,设计了自动进样模块完成样品的自动采集、进样过程,实现了恶臭气体自动检测。其次采用微流控芯片代替传统的色谱柱进行气体分离,光离子化检测器进行检测,大大缩小系统尺寸,实现了微型化目标。再次,论文论述了基于STM32单片机的控制系统。硬件部分,设计并完成了气体进样、检测与采集的控制电路以及串口通讯电路;软件部分,编写系统检测程序与液晶触摸屏控制程序,对各部分流程进行了详尽论述。论文叙述了结构与物理两方面因素对系统气体检测的影响,并对其进行详细分析。首先通过实验深入研究了色谱柱内径、长度、固定相等结构参数对实验结果的影响,确定了微流控芯片沟道的尺寸及涂覆的固定相种类。其次详细叙述了压力、流量及温度等物理参数对系统检测结果的影响效果,为检测系统分离检测多种恶臭气体混合物设定参数提供依据。最后,论文叙述了对已分离和检测的恶臭气体组分进行定性与定量的处理方法,通过系统测试表明,能完成对ppm级别的多种气体的检测,检测精度达到3%并具有良好的重复性。论文也对研究工作存在的不足和改进措施进行了叙述,并对今后研究的发展方向进行了展望。
[Abstract]:Odor pollution, as a special environmental pollution, has seriously affected people's production and life, and even threatened people's safety.Therefore, to strengthen the detection of odor gas in the atmosphere is related to the health of people, at the same time, the detection of odor gas is also an important basis for environmental control and environmental law enforcement.Therefore, the development of odor gas detection device is imperative.This paper first summarizes the latest research results and development direction of gas detection at home and abroad, and compares the common methods, and determines the detection method of gas chromatography, and then describes the origin and domestic gas chromatography in detail.On the basis of gas chromatography technology and microfluidic chip technology, an odor detection system is proposed.In this paper, the structure and development process of the gas path system, sample injection system, separation system, detection system, control system and data record processing system of the odor gas detection system are introduced respectively.Firstly, in order to ensure the carrier gas flow and pressure stability in the gas path system, the automatic sampling module is designed to complete the automatic sample collection, sample injection process, and realize the odor gas automatic detection.Secondly, the microfluidic chip was used to separate the gas instead of the traditional chromatographic column, and the photoionization detector was used to detect the gas, which greatly reduced the system size and realized the miniaturization target.Thirdly, the paper discusses the control system based on STM32 microcontroller.In the hardware part, the control circuit of gas injection, detection and acquisition and serial communication circuit are designed and completed. In the software part, the system detection program and the LCD touch screen control program are written, and the flow of each part is discussed in detail.In this paper, the influence of structure and physics on gas detection is described and analyzed in detail.Firstly, the influence of the inner diameter, length and fixed structure parameters of the chromatographic column on the experimental results was studied, and the channel size of the microfluidic chip and the type of the coated stationary phase were determined.Secondly, the effect of physical parameters such as pressure, flow rate and temperature on the detection results is described in detail, which provides a basis for setting parameters for the separation and detection of various odorous gas mixtures.Finally, the paper describes the qualitative and quantitative processing methods of the odour gas components which have been separated and detected. The systematic test shows that the detection of various kinds of gases in ppm level can be completed, the detection accuracy is up to 3% and the detection accuracy is good.The paper also describes the shortcomings of the research work and improvement measures, and prospects for the future research direction.
【学位授予单位】：河北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X84

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