中国大气污染治理政策分析

发布时间：2018-04-16 00:18

本文选题：大气污染 + 治理政策　；参考：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：大气污染是对人类生存影响最大的环境问题之一,也是粗放型的经济发展方式所带来的必然结果。2010年以来,中国的大气污染问题日益严峻,出现严重的雾霾天气,对正常的社会生产生活秩序造成很大的影响,也对人体健康造成了严重影响。这使大气污染受到了全社会的高度重视。中国大气污染治理开始于20世纪70年代。经过多年的治理实践,已形成相对完善的治理政策体系,对改善大气环境质量和防止大气环境进一步恶化起到一定的作用,但政策绩效并不明显。怎样通过政策的完善和创新来提升政策绩效,是当前大气污染治理急需解决的问题。本文分析了中国大气污染现状、成因,研究了大气污染治理政策变迁轨迹、现状及问题,介绍了国外大气污染治理政策经验及启示,并对政策改进和创新提出建议。首先,本文从大气污染的概念入手,介绍了大气污染物主要来源及对人体健康、生态系统和社会生产生活秩序的危害。以2013年大气污染相关数据为基础,分析了中国大气污染的现状以及特点。其次,从环境政策学的角度,遵循环境政策分析的一般模式,梳理中国大气污染治理政策的发展历史,研究当前中国大气污染治理的政策目标、政策体系、政策手段、管理体系等,并对现有政策进行分析和评估。第三,分析了美、英、日三国大气污染治理的先进经验以及对于完善中国大气污染治理的借鉴意义。最后,提出从治理政策目标、体系、工具、决策体系、管理体系及评估机制六方面完善中国大气污染治理和政策创新的建议。
[Abstract]:Air pollution is one of the most important environmental problems for human survival, and it is also the inevitable result of extensive economic development. Since 2010, the air pollution problem in China has become increasingly serious, resulting in severe haze weather.It has a great impact on normal social production and life order, and also on human health.This makes the whole society pay attention to the air pollution.Air pollution control in China began in the 1970 s.After many years of management practice, a relatively perfect governance policy system has been formed, which plays a certain role in improving the quality of the atmospheric environment and preventing the further deterioration of the atmospheric environment, but the policy performance is not obvious.How to improve the policy performance through the improvement and innovation of policies is an urgent problem to be solved in the current air pollution control.This paper analyzes the present situation and causes of air pollution in China, studies the change track, present situation and problems of air pollution control policy, introduces the experience and enlightenment of foreign air pollution control policy, and puts forward some suggestions for policy improvement and innovation.First of all, this paper introduces the main sources of atmospheric pollutants and the harm to human health, ecosystem and social production and life order from the concept of air pollution.Based on the data of air pollution in 2013, the present situation and characteristics of air pollution in China are analyzed.Secondly, from the perspective of environmental policy, following the general model of environmental policy analysis, combing the development history of China's air pollution control policy, studying the current China's air pollution control policy objectives, policy system, policy means,Management system, and analysis and evaluation of existing policies.Thirdly, it analyzes the advanced experience of air pollution control in America, Britain and Japan, and the reference significance for improving the air pollution control in China.Finally, some suggestions are put forward to improve China's air pollution control and policy innovation from six aspects: policy goal, system, tool, decision-making system, management system and evaluation mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X51

【参考文献】