大气环境数值模拟在矿区规划评价及优化布局中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 07:01

本文选题：CALPUFF模型 + 煤炭区域规划　；参考：《山西大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国社会经济水平的突增,目前的大气污染特征己突出展现为区域性复合型大气污染,为此,我国正在构建三个控制相结合的区域型大气污染防控,即“排放控制、总量控制、质量控制”,主要是在满足之前区域总量控制的基础上实行大气环境质量浓度控制,而区域规划的大气环境影响评价是预防或解决区域大气污染问题的有效手段。2014年我国提出正式的《规划环境影响评价技术导则总纲》以来,虽然规划环境影响评价的理论、制度和技术研究都有较大突破,但应用技术方法研究仍见不足,针对不同类型的规划对象提出相应的技术方法的研究较少。同时,运用规划环评技术,在规划早期介入环境影响评价,为规划项目提供合理布局建议的实例也并不多见。本文旨在研究和探讨煤炭矿区规划环境影响评价适用的大气扩散模式,通过对比模型原理,结合研究区特征,选择研究煤炭矿区规划大气环境影响评价的最适模拟模式,实现将大气环境数值模拟技术在山西省阳泉矿区总体规划中的：应用。从而依据大气模拟结果,结合规划理论相关知识,调整规划布局,达到环境目标要求,实现规划环境影响评价从源头上控制大气环境质量的作用。首先,总结和研究对比常用的大气环境数值模拟模型的扩散模式原理、模型结构和计算模块,结合煤炭矿区特点,筛选得出CALPUFF模型作为最合适的研究煤炭矿区规划大气质量状况的模拟模型。然后,通过调查和统计阳泉矿区主要污染源的排放情况,应用CALPUFF模型对研究区常规污染物浓度进行模拟和预测,利用研究区内9个监测站点的12个月的月均浓度实测数据对比模拟结果,进行样本值的统计分析计算,对模拟结果进行验证。并在此基础上分析污染物的时空分布。最后,根据CALPUFF模拟结果,通过筛选阳泉矿区内的首要污染源、分析气象地形条件得出布局不合理原因,并结合规划原理,对污染源布局进行再优化,使得煤炭矿区近期规划中期规划和远期规划的大气质量均可满足环境可承受范围,达到国家空气质量标准。本研究为大气环境模拟技术应用于地形复杂、污染源调查困难的煤炭矿区大气环境影响评价提供了一定的依据和技术参考。对于应用大气环境模拟技术为煤炭矿区规划的选址技术具有一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:With the rapid increase of the social and economic level of our country, the current characteristics of air pollution have been highlighted as regional complex air pollution. Therefore, China is constructing three combined regional air pollution prevention and control, that is, "emission control".Total quantity control, quality control, "is mainly based on fulfilling the regional total quantity control before the implementation of atmospheric environmental quality concentration control,The regional planning atmospheric environmental impact assessment is an effective means to prevent or solve the regional air pollution problem. Since 2014, our country has put forward the formal "Planning Environmental impact Assessment Technical guidelines", although the planning environmental impact assessment theory,Great breakthroughs have been made in the research of system and technology, but the research on the application of technical methods is still insufficient, and the research on corresponding technical methods for different types of planning objects is less.At the same time, it is rare to use the technology of planning environmental impact assessment and intervene in environmental impact assessment in the early stage of planning, so as to provide reasonable layout advice for planning projects.The purpose of this paper is to study and discuss the suitable atmospheric diffusion model for the planning environmental impact assessment of coal mining area. By comparing the model principle and combining the characteristics of the study area, the optimal simulation model for the planning atmospheric environmental impact assessment of coal mining area is selected.To realize the application of atmospheric environment numerical simulation technology in the overall planning of Yangquan mining area in Shanxi Province.According to the results of atmospheric simulation and the related knowledge of planning theory, the layout of the plan can be adjusted to meet the requirements of environmental objectives, and the role of planning environmental impact assessment in controlling the quality of atmospheric environment from the source can be realized.First of all, the diffusion model principle, model structure and calculation module of atmospheric environment numerical simulation model are summarized and compared, combined with the characteristics of coal mining area.The CALPUFF model is selected as the most suitable simulation model to study the atmospheric quality of coal mining area planning.Then, through the investigation and statistics of the discharge of the main pollution sources in Yangquan mining area, the CALPUFF model is used to simulate and predict the concentration of conventional pollutants in the study area.The data of 12 months mean concentration of 9 monitoring stations in the study area are compared with the simulation results, and the statistical analysis and calculation of the sample values are carried out, and the simulation results are verified.On this basis, the spatial and temporal distribution of pollutants is analyzed.Finally, according to the results of CALPUFF simulation, through screening the primary pollution sources in Yangquan mining area, analyzing the meteorological terrain conditions to get the unreasonable layout reasons, and combining the planning principle, the layout of pollution sources is optimized again.The air quality of the medium term and long term planning of coal mining area can meet the environmental tolerance range and reach the national air quality standard.This study provides a certain basis and technical reference for atmospheric environmental impact assessment in coal mining areas where the terrain is complex and the investigation of pollution sources is difficult.It has certain guiding significance for the application of atmospheric environment simulation technology to the site selection technology of coal mining area planning.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X82

【参考文献】