中国第三次北极考察航线海洋边界层气溶胶中磷元素的分布与来源分析

发布时间：2018-04-17 17:09

本文选题：含磷气溶胶 + 浓度分布　；参考：《中国科学技术大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：大气气溶胶是大气成分中含量较少,但是十分重要的一个成分。一方面,气溶胶通过散射和吸收太阳辐射以及作为冰核(IN)和云凝结核(CCN)而影响全球气候变化；另一方面,它也是生态系统中物质能量循环不可忽视的一个组成部分。特别是对于海洋生态系统,气溶胶的运输和沉降是重要的营养物质来源,研究证明磷在气相没有一个稳定的形态(与碳和氮不同),所以在这些气溶胶输入海洋的营养物质中,磷元素尤其值得关注。本论文从以下两个方面对含磷气溶胶进行调查研究,第一部分是气溶胶中总磷的含量及空间分布特征,包括其分布原因及来源分析,第二部分是含磷气溶胶中不同组分的含量及其可能的产生原因。本文对中国第三次北极航线上气溶胶样品中的金属元素、水溶性离子以及包括总磷,有机磷,水溶性磷等组分进行测定,结合气团轨迹反演、来源标示物分析、叶绿素浓度、气象数据以及其他文献中某些海区含磷气溶胶的数据,对海洋边界层含磷气溶胶的浓度分布特征和来源及其环境意义进行了讨论。总结出影响海洋边界层含磷气溶胶的影响因素以及其主要来源。主要结论如下：(1)整个北极科学考察航线上海洋边界层气溶胶中总磷的含量变化很大,平均浓度为718ng/m3,其中东亚海区,西北太平洋地区,北冰洋地区平均浓度值都在7ng/m3左右,值得指出的是,北冰洋地区的观测值远高于之前文献中的预测浓度。(2)气溶胶中无机磷是所有磷元素中比例最大的成分,平均约占总磷的86.6%,当然对应的,有机磷同样是其中不可忽略的成分。(3)来源分析表明,由地壳产生的矿物气溶胶是磷元素的主要来源,同时发现,不同海区的地壳源气溶胶中的磷铁比不完全相同,东亚海域的这一比值最低,可能原因是东亚海区地壳源气溶胶中粉尘的比例较高,而随着纬度升高,其来源中的沙尘比例升高,从而导致了这一现象。于此同时,我们发现在东亚海域,人为源对含磷气溶胶的影响较为明显,而对于我们研究的三个海区,来自于海盐源的含磷气溶胶贡献比较稳定。(4)对于大部分样品,地壳源,人为源,海盐源不能解释所有的含磷气溶胶,存在一个或多个其他来源影响,按照目前的分析结果和研究结论,最可能的来源是海洋初级生物产生的大气气溶胶。
[Abstract]:Atmospheric aerosol is a very important component of atmospheric composition.On the one hand, aerosols influence global climate change by scattering and absorbing solar radiation and acting as ice core INs and cloud condensation nuclei (CCNs); on the other hand, aerosol is also an important component of matter and energy cycle in ecosystem.For marine ecosystems in particular, the transport and deposition of aerosols are important sources of nutrients, and studies have shown that phosphorus does not have a stable form in the gas phase (unlike carbon and nitrogen), so in the nutrients that these aerosols enter into the ocean,Phosphorus is of particular interest.The first part is the content and spatial distribution characteristics of total phosphorus in aerosols, including the analysis of their distribution reasons and sources.The second part is about the content of different components in phosphorus-containing aerosols and the possible causes.In this paper, metal elements, water-soluble ions and components including total phosphorus, organophosphorus and water-soluble phosphorus in aerosol samples on the third Arctic route in China were determined, combined with air mass trace inversion, source marker analysis, chlorophyll concentration, etc.The distribution characteristics, sources and environmental significance of phosphorus aerosols in the marine boundary layer are discussed.The influencing factors and the main sources of phosphorus aerosols in the marine boundary layer are summarized.The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the concentration of total phosphorus in the aerosols of the entire Arctic scientific exploration route varies greatly, with an average concentration of 718 ng / m3. The average concentrations of total phosphorus in the East Asian Sea, the Northwest Pacific, and the Arctic Ocean are all around 7ng/m3.It is worth noting that the observed values in the Arctic Ocean are much higher than the predicted concentrations in the previous literature.) the inorganic phosphorus in aerosols is the largest component of all phosphorus elements, accounting for an average of about 86.6 percent of total phosphorus, corresponding to, of course,.The analysis of organic phosphorus is also an important component. The analysis shows that the mineral aerosol produced by the crust is the main source of phosphorus, and it is found that the ratio of phosphorus to iron in the aerosol of crustal source is not identical in different sea areas.This ratio is the lowest in the East Asian seas, which may be due to the high dust ratio in the crustal aerosols in the East Asian Sea area, and the increase of the dust ratio in the source with the increase of latitude, which leads to this phenomenon.At the same time, we found that in the East Asian Sea, the effect of anthropogenic sources on phosphorous aerosols is more obvious, but for the three sea areas we studied, the contribution of phosphorous aerosols from Yu Hai's salt source is relatively stable. (4) for most samples, the crustal source,Artificial sources, sea salt sources can not explain all phosphorus aerosols, there are one or more other sources of influence, according to the current analysis results and research conclusions, the most likely source is the atmospheric aerosol produced by marine primary organisms.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X513

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