东江流域主要支流溶解性有机质污染特征初探

发布时间：2018-04-19 12:10

本文选题：溶解性有机质(DOM) + 三维荧光光谱　；参考：《自然资源学报》2016年07期

【摘要】：溶解性有机质(DOM)是天然水体的重要组成部分,其组分构成及含量能够反映河流污染特征。研究利用三维荧光光谱技术对2014年3—4月东江流域8条一级支流下游DOM的荧光组分进行分析。通过寻峰法和平行因子分析(PARAFAC)识别出两种类腐殖质组分(Peak A和Peak B)和两种类蛋白质组分(Peak C和Peak D);并结合常规水质指标,探索各支流的主要污染源,为东江流域水质管理提供科学依据。结果表明:1)东江流域淡水河和石马河两种类蛋白质显著高于其他支流,两种类腐殖质出现缺失现象。2)8条支流样点的DOM中,Peak C、Peak D与各常规水质参数相关性显著,说明东江流域DOM能够较好地反映水质情况。3)东江流域中上游支流自然生境良好,受到人为活动影响强度低。中游支流受农业及工业的双重污染,类腐殖质及类蛋白质的含量较上游河流有显著增加。下游支流受人为活动影响剧烈,河岸带自然生境破坏严重,河岸固化,使得类腐殖质缺失;工业废水及生活污水大量排放,类蛋白质含量显著上升。4)与国内外其他河流相比,东江流域各支流、珠江干流广州河段及河口、辽河流域太子河均呈现以类蛋白质为主要组分,与长江流域以及国外河流存在显著差异,说明东江流域人类产生的有机污染严重,亟须治理。
[Abstract]:Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important part of natural water body, and its composition and content can reflect the characteristics of river pollution.The fluorescence components of DOM in 8 primary tributaries of Dongjiang River basin in March-April 2014 were analyzed by using three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy.Two kinds of humus components (Peak A and Peak B) and two kinds of protein components (Peak C and Peak DU) were identified by peak finding method and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), and the main pollution sources of various tributaries were explored in combination with conventional water quality indexes.To provide scientific basis for water quality management in Dongjiang River Basin.The results showed that the two kinds of proteins were significantly higher than those of other tributaries in the Dongjiang River Basin. There was a significant correlation between the peak peak peak D and the normal water quality parameters in the DOM of 8 tributaries of the two species of humus.The results show that DOM can better reflect the water quality. 3) the natural habitat of the tributaries in the middle and upper reaches of the Dongjiang River basin is good and the intensity of human activities is low.The tributaries in the middle reaches are polluted by agriculture and industry, and the contents of humus and protein are much higher than that of upstream rivers.The downstream tributaries are strongly affected by human activities, the natural habitat of riparian zone is destroyed seriously, the riverbank solidifies, and the humus like substance is lost, the industrial wastewater and domestic sewage are discharged in large quantities, and the protein like content is increased significantly. 4) compared with other rivers at home and abroad,The tributaries of the Dongjiang River Basin, the Zhujiang River main stream, the Guangzhou reach and the estuary, and the Liaohe River Basin all show protein-like components, which are significantly different from those of the Yangtze River Basin and foreign rivers, indicating that the organic pollution caused by human beings is serious in the Dongjiang River Basin.There is an urgent need for governance.
【作者单位】：中药资源保护与利用北京市重点实验室;北京师范大学资源学院;深圳市环境科学研究院;
【基金】：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(2012ZX07501002-04) 国家自然科学基金(41271104)~~
【分类号】：X52

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