煤制乙二醇废料回收及其合成高附加值聚氨酯产品的技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 03:11

本文选题：煤制乙二醇 + 混合二元醇　；参考：《天津大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本课题主要的研究内容是以煤制乙二醇生产过程当中产生的废料为原料,通过精密精馏分离,回收得到轻组分一元醇混合物和沸点高的二元醇混合物,并将回收的二元醇混合物用于高附加值的聚酯多元醇合成,最终制备出符合应用要求的高分子材料聚氨酯泡沫塑料。煤制乙二醇的生产方法在我国已经成功实现了工业化,在其生产过程中会产生很多废料,其中有机物含量高达50%左右,含量较多的有甲醇、乙醇等一元醇以及乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,2-丁二醇、二乙二醇等二元醇。本研究首先通过精馏实验,初步确定了煤制乙二醇废料的分离回收方案,并成功的将回收的二元醇混合物用于生产高附加值的聚酯多元醇。进一步通过研究混合二元醇中各种二元醇的相对含量对中间体聚酯多元醇的影响,以及通过考察二元醇中夹带的杂质如:草酸二甲酯、草酸二乙酯、乙醇酸甲酯等对合成聚酯多元醇产品外观颜色和质量的影响,最终确定了回收的混合二元醇产品质量指标,优化出了较佳的废料回收工艺条件。用回收的二元醇混合物为原料,与己二酸进行聚合反应合成聚酯多元醇,并采用单因素实验方法,考察了反应温度、反应时间、减压方式、升温方式、醇酸物料配比等对聚合反应的影响,优化出了合成聚酯多元醇的最佳工艺。用合成的聚酯多元醇中间体为原料,进一步与异氰酸酯反应合成了软质聚氨酯泡沫塑料,并分析了催化剂、发泡剂用量、环境温度等对发泡反应的影响,得出了适合该聚酯多元醇的合成聚氨酯泡沫塑料的生产配方。
[Abstract]:The main research content of this subject is that the waste produced in the process of producing ethylene glycol from coal is used as raw material, and the light component mono alcohol mixture and the high boiling point diol mixture are recovered by precision distillation separation. The recovered diol mixture was used in the synthesis of polyester polyols with high added value, and the polyurethane-foamed plastics which meet the requirements of application were prepared. The method of producing ethylene glycol from coal has been successfully industrialized in our country. In the process of producing ethylene glycol, a lot of wastes will be produced, among which the organic substance content is about 50%, and the methanol content is more than 50%. Monools such as ethanol and diols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol and so on. In this study, the separation and recovery of ethylene glycol from coal was preliminarily determined by distillation experiments, and the recovered diol mixture was successfully used to produce high value-added polyester polyol. The effects of the relative contents of various diols in the mixed diols on the intermediate polyester polyols were studied, and the impurities such as dimethyl oxalate and diethyl oxalate were investigated. The effect of methyl glycolate on the appearance color and quality of the synthetic polyester polyol product was studied. Finally, the quality index of the recovered mixed diol product was determined, and the better technological conditions for waste recovery were optimized. Polyester polyol was synthesized by polymerization of recovered diol mixture with adipic acid. The reaction temperature, reaction time, decompression mode and heating method were investigated by single factor experiment. The optimum process for the synthesis of polyester polyol was optimized by the influence of the ratio of alkyd and acid on the polymerization. The soft polyurethane foam was synthesized by reaction with isocyanate with polyester polyol intermediate as raw material. The effects of catalyst, amount of foaming agent and environment temperature on the foaming reaction were analyzed. The production formula of polyurethane foam suitable for the polyester polyol was obtained.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ328.3;X784

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