陕西某冶炼区农田土壤重金属污染特征

发布时间：2018-04-21 18:49

本文选题：冶炼区 + 重金属　；参考：《河南科学》2017年03期

【摘要】：以陕西某冶炼区农田蔬菜地土壤为研究对象,采用单因子污染指数法、污染负荷指数法、综合污染指数法和潜在生态风险指数法评价冶炼区农田蔬菜地土壤重金属Zn、Cu、Ni、Mn、Cd的污染状况.结果表明,单项污染评价生菜、香菜、白蒿、小青菜、油麦菜、菠菜、大葱、韭菜、蒜苗地土壤重金属Cu、Ni、Mn含量是安全的,重金属Cd含量严重超标,而小青菜、菠菜、大葱、韭菜、蒜苗这5种蔬菜地土壤Zn含量超标,超标率为55.56%.综合污染评价9种蔬菜地土壤均被重金属严重污染,污染负荷评价菠菜和韭菜地重金属为中度污染,其他蔬菜地土壤重金属含量符合标准.9种蔬菜地土壤中重金属的生态危害指数88.89%,属于中等及极强生态风险,尤其Cd的生态危害较高.相关性分析与主成分分析冶炼区蔬菜地土壤中Zn与Mn、Zn与Cd、Ni与Mn均呈现出极显著正相关(P0.01),而其他重金属之间均呈现出不显著性差异(P0.05),说明冶炼区农田蔬菜地土壤重金属的污染可能是复合污染源造成的.
[Abstract]:The soil of farmland vegetable land in a smelting area of Shaanxi Province was studied. The single factor pollution index method and the pollution load index method were used. Comprehensive pollution index method and potential ecological risk index method were used to evaluate the pollution status of heavy metal Zn ~ (2 +) Cu ~ (2 +) Ni ~ (2 +) mn ~ (2 +) CD in the soil of farmland vegetable land in smelting area. The results showed that it was safe to evaluate the contents of heavy metal Cu _ (Ni) Ni (mn) in soil of lettuce, coriander, artemisia, greengrocery, spinach, scallion, leek and garlic Miao Di, but the content of CD in soil was higher than the standard, while that of green vegetables, spinach and scallions was seriously exceeded. The soil Zn content of leek and garlic seedlings in the five vegetable fields exceeded the standard, and the rate of exceeding the standard was 55.56. The soil of 9 vegetable fields was seriously polluted by heavy metals, and the pollution load was moderately polluted in spinach and leek fields. The content of heavy metals in soil of other vegetable fields was in accordance with the standard of 9 kinds of vegetable land. The ecological hazard index of heavy metals in soil was 88.89, which belonged to medium and very strong ecological risk, especially the ecological harm of CD was higher. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis showed that Zn, mn, Zn, CD, Ni and mn in vegetable soil of smelting area showed extremely significant positive correlation (P 0.01), while other heavy metals showed no significant difference (P 0.05), which indicated that the soil weight of farmland vegetable land in smelting area was very significant. Contamination of metals may be caused by composite sources of pollution.
【作者单位】：商洛学院生物医药与食品工程学院;商洛学院城乡规划与建筑工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31170366) 陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(16JK1239) 商洛市科学研究项目(SK2015-12) 商洛学院科研基金项目(15SKY-FWDF005)
【分类号】：X53;X756

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