湖南省东北部茶重金属铅、镉污染研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 17:10

本文选题：湖南省东北部 + 茶叶　；参考：《湖南农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文主要对湖南省东北部的茶叶和茶园土壤中Pb、Cd的污染情况进行了调查,对相对应茶园中自然环境下成长的茶树植株进行采样,为茶园土壤Pb、Cd监测、防治污染、构建有机茶园,以及今后茶叶的应用推广、茶叶质量控制和产品开发提供参考依据。获得主要的研究结果如下：(1)湖南省东北部各类成品茶中的重金属Pb和Cd含量绿茶Pb含量O.42～1.05mg/kg,Cd含量0.0195～0.0234mg/kg;红茶Pb含量0.73-1.23mg/kg,红茶Cd含量O.0221～0.0379mg/kg;黑茶Pb含量2.67～3.34mg/kg,Cd含量O.0436～0.0576mg/L。样品茶Pb、Cd检出值均较低,符合无公害茶叶和有机茶的限值标准。(2)湖南省东北部春季各茶园土壤中的重金属Pb和Cd含量通过对湖南省东北部八个茶园春季土壤中铅、镉含量进行调查。结果是：铅的含量变化区间为19.07mg/kg～42.39mg/kg,平均值为26.72mg/kg,八个茶园的土壤Pb符合国家二级土壤环境质量标准及无公害茶园标准,全都达到有机茶园标准的要求,以国标GB15618-1995为标准,湖南省东北部茶园100%属于清洁。土壤镉的含量变化区间为O.116mg/kg～0.318mg/kg,平均值为0.183mg/kg,96%的茶园的土壤Pb符合国家二级土壤环境质量标准及无公害茶园标准,68%的茶园达到有机茶园标准的要求,以国标GB15618-1995为标准,湖南省东北部茶园中72%属于清洁,24%属于尚清洁,仅有一个茶园有轻度的超标。(3)湖南省东北部不同地域春季茶树白毫早重金属Pb、Cd含量对湖南省东北部不同地域的八个茶园的春季白豪早的茶树各个部位(心梢、老叶、茎)和土壤重金属含量。Pb和Cd在不同地域春季白毫早的心梢、老叶、茎中差异显著,老叶中Pb的含量约为心梢的4-10倍,茎中的则超过心梢中10倍；老叶中Cd的含量则是心梢中的3-6倍,茎中的约为心梢中的10～15倍。不同茶园的茶树各个部分含量各异,其中茶庵铺的白毫早茎和老叶中Pb含量最高,分别为20.05mg/kg、 6.17mg/kg;高桥茶场的白毫早心梢Pb含量和茎中的Cd含量最高,分别为1.33mg/kg、 O.782mg/kg,杨林坳的白毫早老叶和心梢中Cd含量最高,分别为O.273mg/kg、0.0652mg/kg; Pb、Cd在心梢中的含量与土壤pH呈明显的负相关,相关系数分别为：-0.983、-0.971。(4)湖南省东北部同一茶区春季的不同品种的茶树Pb、Cd含量湖南省东北部各个茶区春季不同品种茶树心梢Pb含量及富集系数分别为：碧香早0.0383～0.0724mg/kg、0.0168～0.0204,福鼎大白0.0664～0.0768mg/kg、0.0179～0.0396,白毫早0.0256～0.0652mg/kg、0.0201～0.0579,楮叶齐0.0532～0.0638mg/kg、0.0239～0.0429,桃源大叶0.0300～0.0732mg/kg、0.0123～0.215；不同品种茶树心梢Cd含量及富集系数分别为：碧香早0.0383～0.0724mg/kg、0.30～0.43,福鼎大白0.0664～ 0.0768mg/kg、0.35～0.42,白毫早0.0256～0.0652mg/kg、0.20～0.36,楮叶齐0.0532～ 0.0638 mg/kg、0.27～0.35,桃源大叶0.0300～0.0732 mg/kg、0.21～0.33。(5)湖南省东北部春夏季节的茶树和土壤的Pb、Cd含量比较春夏两季土壤和茶树各部位Pb含量结果为：土壤(春19.07～42.39mg/kg,夏20.85～44.26)、茎(春6.91～22.19mg/kg,夏7.56～24.87mg/kg)和老叶(春340～ 6.06mg/kg,夏4.35～7.86mg/kg)中的Pb含量夏天略高于春天,心梢则相反。土壤中的Cd春季(0.128～0.272mg/kg)含量略高于夏季(0.12～0.267mg/kg),老叶(春0.0378～ 0.0620mg/kg,夏0.0453～0.0720mg/kg)和茎(春0.0521～0.0802mg/kg,夏0.0664～ 0.0921 mg/kg)的Cd含量春季略低于夏季,心梢中Cd含量则是春季(0.0118～ 0.0232mg/kg)大于秋季(0.0086～0.0145mg/kg)。
[Abstract]:The pollution of Pb and Cd in tea and tea garden soil in Northeast of Hunan province was investigated. The tea plants growing in the natural environment of tea garden were sampled, and the tea garden soil Pb, Cd monitoring, pollution control, organic tea garden, application and popularization of tea leaves in the future, tea quality control and product development were provided. The main results are as follows: (1) the contents of heavy metals Pb and Cd in all kinds of finished tea in the northeast of Hunan province are O.42 to 1.05mg/kg, Cd content 0.0195 to 0.0234mg/kg, Pb content 0.73-1.23mg/kg in black tea and O.0221 to 0.0379mg/kg in black tea, 2.67 to 2.67 The detection values of Pb and Cd were all low, which were in line with the limit standard of pollution-free tea and organic tea. (2) the contents of Pb and Cd in the soil of tea garden in the northeast of Hunan province were investigated in the spring soil of eight tea gardens in Northeast of Hunan province. The result was that the change range of lead content was 19.07mg/kg to 42.39mg/kg. The value of 26.72mg/kg was 26.72mg/kg. The soil Pb in the eight tea gardens met the national two level soil environmental quality standard and the standard of non pollution tea garden, all reached the requirements of the standard of organic tea garden, 100% of the tea garden in the northeast of Hunan province was clean with the standard of national standard. The change of soil cadmium content was O.116mg/kg to 0.318mg/kg, and the average value was 0.183mg/kg, The soil Pb of 96% tea garden is in accordance with national two level soil environmental quality standard and non pollution tea garden standard, 68% tea garden meets the requirement of organic tea garden standard. With national standard GB15618-1995 as standard, 72% of tea garden in Northeast of Hunan province is clean, 24% belongs to clean, only one tea garden has slight exceeding standard. (3) different regions in Northeast of Hunan province. Spring tea tree white early heavy metal Pb, Cd content of the eight tea garden in the eight tea gardens in the northeast of the northeast of Hunan Province, spring white Hao early in the different parts of the tea tree (heart, old leaves, stems) and soil heavy metal content.Pb and Cd in different regions of the spring white early heart, old leaves, stems, the difference is obvious, the content of Pb in the old leaf is about 4-10 times the heart tip, stem in the stem. The content of Cd in the old leaf was 3-6 times more than that in the tip of the heart, and the content of the Cd in the stem was about 10~15 times in the shoot. The contents of the tea trees in different tea gardens were different, and the content of Pb in the White Early stems and the old leaves of the tea nunnery was 20.05mg/kg, 6.17mg/kg, and the Pb content of the white early heart shoot and the Cd content in the stem. The highest content of 1.33mg/kg, O.782mg/kg, Yang Linao's white early leaves and heart shoots is the highest Cd content, respectively O.273mg/kg, 0.0652mg/kg; Pb, Cd in the heart tip and soil pH showed a significant negative correlation, the correlation coefficient is -0.983, -0.971. (4) different varieties of tea tree Pb, Cd content in the same tea area in the northeast of Hunan province. The Pb content and enrichment coefficient of different tea varieties in each tea area in northeastern Hunan province were as follows: 0.0383 to 0.0724mg/kg, 0.0168 to 0.0204, 0.0664 to 0.0768mg/kg, 0.0179 to 0.0396, 0.0256 to 0.0652mg/kg in white early, 0.0201 to 0.0579, and 0.0532 to 0.0638mg/kg, 0.0239 to 0.0429, Taoyuan leaf 0.030 0 ~ 0.0732mg/kg, 0.0123 ~ 0.215, the Cd content and enrichment coefficient of different varieties of tea shoots were as follows: Jasmine early 0.0383 ~ 0.0724mg/kg, 0.30 ~ 0.43, Fuding big white 0.0664 ~ 0.0768mg/kg, 0.35 ~ 0.42, white early 0.0256 to 0.0652mg/kg, 0.20 ~ 0.36, papylia 0.0532 ~ 0.0638 mg/kg, Taoyuan large leaf 0.21 ~ 0.33. (5) Pb of tea tree and soil in the spring and summer season of northeast Hunan Province, the content of Cd in the soil and tea tree in the spring and summer two seasons is compared with the soil (spring 19.07 ~ 42.39mg/kg, summer 20.85 ~ 44.26), stems (spring 6.91 to 22.19mg/kg, summer 7.56 to 24.87mg/kg) and the Pb content of old leaves (spring 340 to 6.06mg/kg, summer 4.35 to 7.86mg/kg) In summer, it is slightly higher than spring, and the heart tip is opposite. The content of Cd in spring (0.128 ~ 0.272mg/kg) in soil is slightly higher than that in summer (0.12 ~ 0.267mg/kg). The Cd content of old leaves (spring 0.0378 ~ 0.0620mg/kg, summer 0.0453 to 0.0720mg/kg) and stems (spring 0.0521 to 0.0802mg/kg, summer 0.0664 to 0.0921 mg/kg) is slightly lower than that in summer, and the Cd content in the tip of the heart is spring (0.01). 18 to 0.0232mg/kg) greater than autumn (0.0086 to 0.0145mg/kg).

【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X53;S571.1

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