越南平顺省钛矿开采放射性污染对环境的影响与对策

发布时间：2018-04-23 14:34

本文选题：平顺省 + 钛矿　；参考：《华南理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：平顺省是越南中南部沿海的一个省份。平顺省资源丰富,包括农业、海洋、旅游和矿产等。平顺省的矿产资源种类繁多,特别是钛矿。越南平顺省的钛矿资源分布广,蕴藏量巨大,可达5亿多吨,是世界第三大钛矿。近年来,政府允许几家公司进行开采钛矿。未来越南政府规划,越南平顺省是越南最大的采矿与加工钛矿物的地方。伴生矿是含有较高水平天然放射性核素的非铀矿。伴生矿的开发利用在提取所需的矿用成分的同时会将伴生的238U,232Th,226Ra,40K等较高水平的天然放射性核素释放到地面环境中,并随着矿石的加工,冶炼和废弃物的排放而转移到产品、副产品和“三废”中,从而造成对环境的放射性污染。开采钛矿过程中对环境的影响包括水资源的影响、大气环境的影响、土壤环境的影响、生态环境的影响等。由于平顺省的钛矿是伴生矿,所以放射性元素会因为富集与增加而渗透到环境中,造成环境的放射性污染。因此,对钛矿放射性环境进行辐射的测量与分析是为制定环境的放射性污染防治对策提供基础资料依据。本论文在对越南平顺省钛矿开采和洗选的工艺特点中总结出伴生矿在开发利用过程中放射性核素的转移途径。根据转移途径归纳出相应的放射性污染源以及污染关键因子,其中污染关键因子有:γ辐射,氡及其子体,天然放射性,核素238U、232Th、226Ra、40K、总α、总β。本论文以越南平顺省钛矿为研究对象,结合现场调查和结果分析的基础上阐述了钛矿开采过程对环境的影响程度。最后,对评价结果进行综合分析,提出具有针对性的放射性污染防治措施。
[Abstract]:Ping Shun province is a province in the coastal areas of South Central Vietnam. The province is rich in resources, including agriculture, ocean, tourism and mineral resources. The mineral resources in the province of Ping Shun province are various, especially titanium minerals. The titanium mineral resources of Vietnam Ping Shun province are widely distributed, with a huge amount of up to more than 500 million tons, and the third largest in the world. In recent years, the government allowed several companies to enter In the future, Vietnam's government plan, Vietnam's Ping Shun province is the largest mining and processing of titanium minerals in Vietnam. The associated mine is a non uranium ore containing a high level of natural radionuclides. The exploitation and utilization of the associated ore will bring the associated 238U, 232Th, 226Ra, 40K and other high levels of natural gas in the extraction of the required mineral components. Radionuclides are released into the ground environment, and are transferred to products, by-products and "three wastes" with the process of ore processing, smelting and waste, resulting in radioactive pollution to the environment. The effects of the mining process on the environment include the effects of water resources, the influence of the large air environment, the influence of soil environment, and the ecological environment. Because the titanium ore in smooth province is associated ore, so the radioactive elements will be permeated into the environment because of enrichment and increase, causing radioactive pollution of the environment. Therefore, the measurement and analysis of the radiation of the radioactive environment for the titanium ore provide the basis for the formulation of the Countermeasures for the prevention and control of the environmental radiation pollution. The transfer routes of radioactive nuclides in the process of exploitation and utilization of the associated ore are summarized in the technological characteristics of the mining and washing of the Nanping province titanium mine. The corresponding radioactive pollution sources and key pollution factors are summed up according to the transfer route, among which the key pollution factors are gamma radiation, radon and its progeny, natural radioactivity, nuclide 238U, 232Th, 226Ra, 40K, In this paper, the influence degree of the titanium mine mining process on the environment is expounded on the basis of the field investigation and the result analysis. Finally, the comprehensive analysis of the evaluation results is carried out, and the targeted measures for prevention and control of radioactive pollution are put forward.

【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X753

【参考文献】