南京市机动车排放VOCs的污染特征与健康风险评价

发布时间：2018-04-24 10:07

本文选题：隧道测试 + 机动车排放　；参考：《中国环境科学》2016年10期

【摘要】：在南京富贵山隧道开展机动车排放的挥发性有机物(VOCs)对环境及人群健康的影响研究,对VOCs浓度水平与变化特征、组成与化学反应活性进行了分析,并通过美国环境保护局(US EPA)的健康风险评价模型对VOCs的健康风险进行了评价.结果表明,隧道进口与出口空气中共检测出93种物质,隧道进口处样品的总VOCs浓度(87.28±7.08)μg/m~3;隧道出口处总VOCs浓度(225.63±59.19)μg/m~3.隧道出口检测到的烷烃和芳香烃这两类物质浓度比进口浓度高.隧道进口与出口处的VOCs总臭氧生成潜势为101.48μg O_3/m~3和402.01μg O_3/m~3.健康风险评价结果表明,隧道进口处14种主要VOCs的非致癌风险危害商值(HQ)在8.07×10~(-5)~2.66×10~(-1)之间,而在隧道出口处的HQ范围为3.18×10~(-4)~2.92×10~(-1).隧道进口与出口处的VOCs的非致癌风险危险指数(HI)均小于1,非致癌风险值在安全范围之内.但1,3-丁二烯、氯仿、四氯化碳、苯和1,1,2-三氯乙烷的致癌风险较大,对人体健康具有明显的影响.
[Abstract]:The effects of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from motor vehicles on environment and population health were studied in Fugui Mountain Tunnel, Nanjing. The concentration and characteristics of VOCs, composition and chemical reaction activity were analyzed. The health risk of VOCs was evaluated by the health risk assessment model of US EPA. The results showed that 93 substances were detected in the inlet and outlet air of the tunnel. The total VOCs concentration of the sample at the entrance of the tunnel was 87.28 卤7.08 渭 g / m ~ (-3), and the total VOCs concentration at the exit of the tunnel was 225.63 卤59.19 渭 g / m ~ (-1). The concentrations of alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons detected at the outlet of the tunnel are higher than those of the imported ones. The total ozonation potential of VOCs at the entrance and outlet of the tunnel is 101.48 渭 g O_3/m~3 and 402.01 渭 g / O_3/m~3 respectively. The results of health risk assessment showed that the non-carcinogenic hazard quotient (HQ) of 14 major VOCs at the entrance of tunnel was between 8.07 脳 10 ~ (-5) and 2.66 脳 10 ~ (-1), while the HQ range at the exit of the tunnel was 3.18 脳 10 ~ (-4) ~ 2.92 脳 10 ~ (-1). The non-carcinogenic risk index of VOCs at the entrance and exit of the tunnel is less than 1, and the non-carcinogenic risk is within the safe range. However, the carcinogenic risk of 1h3- butadiene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, benzene and 1- 1-trichloroethane is higher, which has obvious effect on human health.
【作者单位】：南开大学环境科学与工程学院城市交通污染防治研究中心;北京大学环境学院北京大学环境模拟与污染控制重点联合实验室;
【分类号】：X511;;X503.1

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